Microgram amounts of abscisic acid in fruit extracts improve glucose tolerance and reduce insulinemia in rats and in humans

Abstract

2-Cis,4-trans-abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone that is present also in animals. Several lines of evidence suggest that ABA contributes to the regulation of glycemia in mammals: nanomolar ABA stimulates insulin release from b-pancreatic cells and glucose transporter-4-mediated glucose uptake by myoblasts and adipocytes in vitro; plasma ABA increases in normal human subjects, but not in diabetic patients, after a glucose load for an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The presence of ABA in fruits prompted an exploration of the bioavailability of dietary ABA and the effect of ABA-rich fruit extracts on glucose tolerance. Rats underwent an OGTT, with or without 1 mg/kg ABA, either synthetic or present in a fruit extract. Human volunteers underwent an OGTT or a standard breakfast and lunch, with or without a fruit extract, yielding an ABA dose of 0.85 or 0.5 mg/kg, respectively. Plasma glucose, insulin, and ABA were measured at different time points. Oral ABA at 0.5-1 mg/kg significantly lowered glycemia and insulinemia in rats and in humans. Thus, the glycemia-lowering effect of low-dose

Supplementation with Abscisic Acid Reduces Malaria Disease Severity and Parasite Transmission

“…62,63 Magnone and others found that the consumption of fruits with high ABA content increased plasma ABA levels and reduced glycemia in rats and humans compared with glucose-fed controls. 64 No harmful effects have been reported to date for ABA supplementation, although how ABA supplementation interacts with other treatments and to what extent the effects of ABA can be enhanced will be the focus of future studies. Importantly, identification of the mechanisms whereby ABA alters mosquito physiology and transmission as well as inflammation and health of the mammalian host could shed light on the balance of immunity and metabolism across eukaryotes and provide a strong foundation for clinical and public health translation.…”

The effect of abscisic acid chronic treatment on neuroinflammatory markers and memory in a rat model of high-fat diet induced neuroinflammation

“…Structurally, ABA is very similar to the TDZs. Indeed, ABA can improve glucose tolerance [8], reduce the level of TNFα, and decrease adipocyte cell size in an in vivo model of obesity induced by HFD [9]. Moreover, in human and murine pancreatic cell lines (RIN-m and INS-2 cells), ABA can increase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion [10].…”

Bioassay-guided identification of the antihyperglycaemic constituents of walnut ( Juglans regia ) leaves

“…However, to our knowledge, never have antidiabetic properties been associated to such family of compounds. We can speculate that the antihyperglycaemic effects of the isolated megastigmanes are at some extent related to their close chemical similarity with abscisic acid (Magnone et al, 2015;Fig. 2).…”