Microgrid and renewable generation integration: University of California, San Diego

Sreedharan, Priya; Farbes, Jamil; Cutter, Eric; Woo, Chi-Keung; Wang, J.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.02.053

Cited by 61 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…On the other hand, using a distributed renewable energy generation topology rather than a central one will give the grid an alternative future vision, which is the micro-grid. This is because it will eliminate the costs of the line losses and the expensive cost of the transmission lines making the electricity grid conceptualised as a dependent collection of micro-grids [26].…”

Section: Location Dependentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Technical Challenges Facing the Integration of Small-Scale and Large-scale PV Systems into the Grid: A Critical Review

Alshahrani

Omer

et al. 2019

Electronics

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Decarbonisation, energy security and expanding energy access are the main driving forces behind the worldwide increasing attention in renewable energy. This paper focuses on the solar photovoltaic (PV) technology because, currently, it has the most attention in the energy sector due to the sharp drop in the solar PV system cost, which was one of the main barriers of PV large-scale deployment. Firstly, this paper extensively reviews the technical challenges, potential technical solutions and the research carried out in integrating high shares of small-scale PV systems into the distribution network of the grid in order to give a clearer picture of the impact since most of the PV systems installations were at small scales and connected into the distribution network. The paper reviews the localised technical challenges, grid stability challenges and technical solutions on integrating large-scale PV systems into the transmission network of the grid. In addition, the current practices for managing the variability of large-scale PV systems by the grid operators are discussed. Finally, this paper concludes by summarising the critical technical aspects facing the integration of the PV system depending on their size into the grid, in which it provides a strong point of reference and a useful framework for the researchers planning to exploit this field further on.

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Section: Location Dependentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Technical Challenges Facing the Integration of Small-Scale and Large-scale PV Systems into the Grid: A Critical Review

Alshahrani

Omer

et al. 2019

Electronics

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“…This is a particular barrier for larger consumers, such as commercial and public buildings, aiming at investing in PV capacity and start operating as microgrids connected to the MV network (e.g., [26] and [27]). Three main reasons explain the limitations imposed by the distribution grids to the microgrids investment and planning process: 1) microgrids require a significant amount of PV to justify the investments and, since all the capacity is concentrated in the same node, it increases the risk for the system; 2) self-consumption policies are not an effective solution for typical commercial and public buildings microgrids, due to the severe variability of the load (e.g., consumption decreases dramatically during the weekends in office buildings or during the entire summer in schools), which requires unbearable investments in storage to avoid PV feed-in for several days in a row; 3) as discussed further on this paper, microgrids investment and planning is a complex process encompassing multiple energy vectors and technologies, which means that a constraint imposed to a technology (in this case to the PV) can dramatically change the energy mix, increasing the overall investment and operation costs.…”

Section: Outline the Available Fit Payment Plans Ie Percentage Fitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated microgrid investment and planning process considering the system operator

et al. 2017

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Nowadays, a significant number of distribution systems are facing problems to accommodate more photovoltaic (PV) capacity, namely due to the overvoltages during the daylight periods. This has an impact on the private investments in distributed energy resources (DER), since it occurs exactly when the PV prices are becoming attractive, and the opportunity to an energy transition based on solar technologies is being wasted. In particular, this limitation of the networks is a barrier for larger consumers, such as commercial and public buildings, aiming at investing in PV capacity and start operating as microgrids connected to the MV network. To address this challenge, this paper presents a coordinated approach to the microgrid investment and planning problem, where the system operator and the microgrid owner collaborate to improve the voltage control capabilities of the distribution network, increasing the PV potential. The results prove that this collaboration has the benefit of increasing the value of the microgrid investments while improving the quality of service of the system and it should be considered in the future regulatory framework. KeywordsDistribution grid voltage control, microgrid design, model predictive control, photovoltaics. IntroductionThe number of photovoltaic (PV) installations have exponentially increased over the last decades and a more accelerated growth, pulled by the emerging economies, is expected by In addition, in order to maximize the on-site DER penetration it is a common practice to apply Demand Response (DR) procedures to decrease the load in peak hour conditions, These technical approaches to improve grid controllability proved to be very efficient in increasing the capabilities of distribution systems to host more PV capacity. However, they entail investment and operational costs to the distribution system operators (DSO) and, especially in scenarios of unbundling electricity sectors, DSOs have no interest in making those investments and bearing those costs. In fact, they have no motivation to enable more PV capacity, since their remuneration depends on electricity consumption and the 6 challenges of solar integration are mostly peak power related [19]. Moreover, the installation of photovoltaic units has the practical effect of reducing the net consumption of the prosumers, which decreases the income of the DSOs.The difficulties of the system to accommodate more solar power persist in most distribution networks, especially those that already have a considerable number of photovoltaic installations connected to the LV network. This is a particular barrier for larger consumers, such as commercial and public buildings, aiming at investing in PV capacity and start operating as microgrids connected to the MV network (e.g., [26] and [27]). Three main reasons explain the limitations imposed by the distribution grids to the microgrids investment and planning process: 1) microgrids require a significant amount of PV to justify the investments and, since all the capacity is conc...

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“…The integration of DES with conventional distribution systems may reduce outage duration up to a great extent and increase the effective utilization of distribution system capacity . Many of the research publications have analyzed the technical, economic, and environmental impacts of DES integration in distribution network . Work published in previous studies focuses on integration of DES such as wind turbine generator (WTG), ESS, and photovoltaic generator (PVG) to reduce distribution loss and power outage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TLBO‐based approach to optimally place and sizing of energy storage system for reliability enhancement of radial distribution system

Lata

Vadhera

2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary This paper presents an algorithm for optimal placement and sizing of energy storage systems (ESSs) to enhance the reliability of a radial distribution system employing teacher learning‐based optimization (TLBO) method. The location and size of ESSs have great impact on system reliability. However, the number of placed ESSs increases the overall cost of the system. Hence, the algorithm is designed to minimize the objective function of problem, which includes cost of energy not supplied (CENS), an additional cost such as investment cost and operational cost of ESSs (life cycle cost), and power loss due to line flows in distribution system. The proposed algorithm utilizes the TLBO method to minimize the objective function. To assess the performance of the algorithm, IEEE standard 30‐bus radial distribution system has been considered. The optimal location and size of ESSs have been obtained by considering various case studies. Subsequently, comparative performance analysis is done on results obtained by using TLBO, particle swarm optimization (PSO), differential evolution (DE), and genetic algorithm (GA). Furthermore, rigorous analysis is performed by imposing limit on number of applied ESSs and by varying the maximum capacity of participating ESSs. Lastly, the application of proposed method for placement of ESSs in IEEE 69‐bus distribution system provides 17% reduction in total cost of operation.

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Microgrid and renewable generation integration: University of California, San Diego

Cited by 61 publications

References 49 publications

The Technical Challenges Facing the Integration of Small-Scale and Large-scale PV Systems into the Grid: A Critical Review

The Technical Challenges Facing the Integration of Small-Scale and Large-scale PV Systems into the Grid: A Critical Review

Coordinated microgrid investment and planning process considering the system operator

TLBO‐based approach to optimally place and sizing of energy storage system for reliability enhancement of radial distribution system

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