Microgrids: Architectures, Controls, Protection, and Demonstration

Fu, Qiang; Nasiri, Adel; Solanki, A.; Bani-Ahmed, Abedalsalam; Weber, Luke; Bhavaraju, Vijay

doi:10.1080/15325008.2015.1039098

Cited by 61 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In the following, this layer will be briefly discussed. Closely related to the primary-secondary-tertiary classification of the hierarchical layers of control [31], is the three-level delineation in [2] ( Figure 2). The Microgrid Optimizer Layer in Figure 2 corresponds to functions in the secondary and tertiary levels.…”

Section: Hierarchical Control Layers In Microgridsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…For example, [32] affixes the functions listed earlier as secondary control (also classified as such in [2,31]) to the tertiary level of the hierarchy. Closely related to the primary-secondary-tertiary classification of the hierarchical layers of control [31], is the three-level delineation in [2] ( Figure 2). The Microgrid Optimizer Layer in Figure 2 corresponds to functions in the secondary and tertiary levels.…”

Section: Hierarchical Control Layers In Microgridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the Consortium for Electric Reliability Technology Solutions (CERTS) Autonomous Layer (discussed later in this paper) corresponds to the primary level (power-sharing control) and functions related to transition between grid-connected and islanded modes of operation including switches, disconnect devices, and protection. The three-layer approach of [2] will be adopted in this paper to describe the implementation of the control platform in Section 5 as this approach of grouping the layers of the hierarchy closely aligns with the current (Dispatch Layer) and future (Microgrid Optimizer, Section 7) state of the project. The challenges and benefits of a potential future implementation of the CERTS Autonomous Layer will be discussed in the context of the Microgrid Control States in Section 4.…”

Section: Hierarchical Control Layers In Microgridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microgrids are electricity distribution systems containing loads and distributed energy resources (such as distributed generators, storage devices, or controllable loads) that can be operated in a controlled, coordinated way either while connected to the main power network or while islanded [1]. Integrating distributed energy resources (DERs) including renewable sources such as solar PV, nonrenewable sources such as natural gas-powered microturbines, and energy storage in the boundaries of a microgrid (behind-the-meter) in the low voltage (LV) and (MV) scale can potentially provide a large number of benefits to the main power utility by increasing its efficiency of operation and to the customer by improving reliability and quality of service [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a Control Platform for a Building-Scale Hybrid Solar PV-Natural Gas Microgrid

Delgoshaei

Freihaut

2019

Energies

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Building-scale microgrids are a type of behind-the-meter microgrids where the building operator has control of the distributed energy resources, including, in this case, a natural gas-fired microturbine in addition to solar PV and battery energy storage systems. There is a growing trend in deploying behind-the-meter microgrids due to their benefits including the resiliency of serving critical loads, especially in regions with abundant natural gas. In order to ensure distributed energy resources are dispatched optimally for the desired mode of operation, a hierarchical control platform including a centralized controller was developed and installed. The platform includes communication and control infrastructure that interface with controllers for distributed energy resources and the building automation system of a recently built energy efficient commercial building. Based on desirable outcomes under different grid and building conditions, operational modes were defined for the microgrid controller. The controller is programmed to map each mode to respective operational modes for distributed energy resources controllers. Experimental data for test runs corresponding to two operational modes confirm the communication and control infrastructure can execute hierarchical control commands. Finally, dispatch optimization for a year-long simulation of system operation is presented and the benefits of the hybrid solar PV-natural gas setup are evaluated.

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Section: Hierarchical Control Layers In Microgridsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Hierarchical Control Layers In Microgridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hierarchical Control Layers In Microgridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Development of a Control Platform for a Building-Scale Hybrid Solar PV-Natural Gas Microgrid

Delgoshaei

Freihaut

2019

Energies

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show abstract

“…The benefits of campus microgrids are same with those of other microgrid categories, i.e. ability to mitigate power disruption economic impacts [3], ability to operate in both gridconnected and islanded modes [4], service reliability in islanded mode operation [5], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%