Microgrids interconnection to upstream AC grid using a dual‐function fault current limiter and power flow controller: principle and test results

Shafaghatian, Nima; Heidary, Amir; Radmanesh, Hamid; Rouzbehi, Kumars

doi:10.1049/iet-esi.2019.0014

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This resulted in the conception of microgrids, in which DGs can feed the distribution network with or without a power grid link [5,6]. Due to the multiple orientations of electric current in microgrids, protection schemes are based on DOCRs [7,8]. The DOCR setting parameters (DSPs) contain the current setting parameter (CSP) and the time setting multiplier parameter (TSMP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Protection Scheme for Enhancing AC Microgrids Stability against Cascading Outages by Utilizing Events Scale Reduction Technique and Fuzzy Zero-Violation Clustering Algorithm

Zand,

Mazlumi,

Bagheri

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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The precision with which directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) are set up establishes the microgrid customers’ access to reliable and uninterrupted electricity. In order to avoid failure in DOCRs operation, it is critical to consider a single contingency (N-1 event) on the protection optimization setting problem (POSP). However, power systems may face cascading outages or simultaneous contingencies (N-K events), which greatly expand the problem’s complexity and scale. The effect of cascading events on this problem is an open research gap. Initially, this paper proposes a novel approach to reducing the scale of simultaneous events called the N-K events scale reduction technique (N-K-ESRT). Moreover, an innovative method named fuzzy zero-violation clustering is utilized to group these contingencies. Ultimately, the DOCRs’ decision parameters are generated by three optimization algorithms, namely interior point (IPA), simulated annealing, and pattern search. In all case studies (including a real industrial network called TESKO2 feeder, the IEEE Std. 399-1997, and the IEEE 14 bus systems), the capabilities of the proposed method are effectively validated based on the DOCR’s tripping time and the algorithm’s execution time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Protection Scheme for Enhancing AC Microgrids Stability against Cascading Outages by Utilizing Events Scale Reduction Technique and Fuzzy Zero-Violation Clustering Algorithm

Zand,

Mazlumi,

Bagheri

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…It was shown that using resistive-type SFCL limits the fault current as well as enhancing the transient stability in islanding mode. In [10], an inductive-type SFCL was used for interconnection between the AC-type MG to the main grid to control the short-circuit current and power flow. In [11], an inductive-type SFCL was used for the integration of the downstream wind-based DG to the main AC grid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controllable-Dual Bridge Fault Current Limiter for Interconnection Micro-Grids

et al. 2021

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Different types of fault current limiters (FCLs) have been developed and designed based on non-superconducting DC reactors (NSDRs). This paper proposes a controllable dual-bridge FCL (CDBFCL) based on the NSDR for use in an AC-type micro-grid. It includes a NSDR and two series and shunt bridge circuits. The series bridge is based on diode semiconductor switches and is coupled in series with the line via a transformer. The shunt bridge is based on thyristor semiconductor switches and is coupled in parallel with the line. The shunt bridge provides a variable voltage source. It compensates for the DC side voltage drop due to NSDR resistance and semiconductor switches during normal operating condition. In addition, by controlling the shunt bridge firing angle, it produces a controllable DC voltage, which can control the fault current amplitude during a fault. The structure, principle operating work, and control system of the proposed CDBFCL are presented. The CDBFCL performance is studied analytically and through simulation by the PSCAD/EMTDC software. In addition, the simulation results are compared with those obtained experimentally from a prototype CDBFCL and show a close correlation.

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“…Since the capacity of RSC is 25–30% of the DFIG power rated, it cannot produce enough rotor voltage to counteract the stator voltage drop during severe voltage sag and needs the hardware protection scheme to cope with this problem [11 ]. In literature, several hardware schemes have been proposed and documented to meet the FRT requirement of the DFIG, which can be classified as (i) parallel reactive power compensation controllers include static synchronous compensator and static var compensator [12 ], (ii) dynamic voltage restorer [13 ], (iii) unified inter‐phase power controller [14, 15 ], (iv) series dynamic resistor [16, 17 ], (v) energy storage system [18 ], (vi) fault current limiters (FCLs) [19–41 ]. FCLs have been recognised as an attractive protection device in power system, which not only limits the magnitude of fault current [19–25 ], but also improves the power quality [26–28 ], the transient recovery voltage of circuit breaker [29, 30 ], and the system stability [31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FCLs have been recognised as an attractive protection device in power system, which not only limits the magnitude of fault current [19–25 ], but also improves the power quality [26–28 ], the transient recovery voltage of circuit breaker [29, 30 ], and the system stability [31 ]. In [32–34 ], FCL has been introduced as a promising protection device for integration the downstream microgrids to the main AC grid. Recently, the application of FCLs is receiving more attention to cope with the FRT performance and fault current increment problems in WFs [35–41 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%