Microinjection of vasopressin into the locus coeruleus of conscious rats

Berecek, Kathleen H.; Olpe, Hans‐Rudolf; Jones, Roland S.G.; Hofbauer, K. G.

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1984.247.4.h675

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Group 4 (n = 8) rats were injected with 10 ng d(CH2)5 Tyr(Me)AVP (the kind gift of Dr M. Manning, Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Ohio), a specific antagonist of the pressor effect of AVP. This dose has been shown to block the cardiovascular responses to central injections of 1-30 ng AVP (Vallejo et al, 1984;Berecek et al, 1984).…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular effects of injections of vasopressin into the nucleus tractus solitarius in conscious rats

King

Pang

1987

British J Pharmacology

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1The effects of injections of arginine vasopressin (AVP) into the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) on mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and plasma concentrations of noradrenaline and adrenaline were investigated in conscious, unrestrained rats. 2 Injection of 2 ng AVP into the NTS significantly increased MAP but not plasma catecholamine concentrations, while injection of 10 ng AVP significantly increased MAP and plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline levels. 3 Neither dose of AVP produced any change in HR. The vehicle did not affect MAP, HR or plasma catecholamine levels. 4 Injection of a specific pressor antagonist of AVP, d(CH2)5Tyr-(Me)AVP (10 ng), did not change MAP, HR or plasma noradrenaline or adrenaline levels. 5 These results suggest that the NTS is a central site of the pressor action of AVP. However, since the injection of the AVP antagonist did not reduce MAP or plasma noradrenaline or adrenaline levels, it suggests that AVP does not act tonically at the NTS to influence sympathoadrenal outflow.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular effects of injections of vasopressin into the nucleus tractus solitarius in conscious rats

King

Pang

1987

British J Pharmacology

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“…Several studies have been carried out to determine whether release of AVP into the circula-tion is coupled to release of this peptide in extrahypothalamic areas. These studies have given evidence that each of the sites in which AVP is produced is influenced by different stimuli, 49 and locus coeruleus, 50 produce long lasting increases in blood pressure and heart rate. The cardiovascular responses of AVP are due to a central effect and not due to leakage of the peptide into the periphery as they are blocked by central but not peripheral administration of specific AVP receptor antagonists.…”

Section: Central Cardiovascular Effects Of Vasopressinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cardiovascular responses of AVP are due to a central effect and not due to leakage of the peptide into the periphery as they are blocked by central but not peripheral administration of specific AVP receptor antagonists. 40 - 41 ' 44 ' 49 ' 50 The cardiovascular responses to central administration of AVP appear to be mainiy due to stimulation of sympathetic vasomotor activity, as they are significantly attenuated by ganglionic blocking agents, a-adrenergic and 0-adrenergic receptor antagonists.…”

Section: Central Cardiovascular Effects Of Vasopressinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40 Microinjection of AVP into the locus coeruleus produced increases in arterial pressure and heart rate due to stimulation of sympathetic outflow. 50 Moreover, microiontophoresis of AVP onto noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus in DOCA-salt-treated rats produced a significantly greater increase in firing rate of these neurons than in control rats. 100 Increased sensitivity in response to locus coeruleus stimulation was seen not only in the established phase of DOCA-salt hypertension but also during the prehypertensive stage.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This region receives vasopressinergic innervation, 54 and microinjection of AVP into this nucleus produces an increase in arterial pressure and heart rate, which is mediated by AVP receptors and increased sympathetic outflow. 50 Microiontophoresis of AVP in the locus coeruleus increases the discharge rate of neurons in this area. 28 Bilateral electrolytic lesions of the locus coeruleus attenuate the pressor and abolish the tachycardiac response to intracerebroventricular AVP.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Central role for vasopressin in cardiovascular regulation and the pathogenesis of hypertension.

Berecek

Swords

1990

Hypertension

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In recent years the role of neuropeptides in the central regulation of arterial pressure and the pathogenesis of hypertension has been the subject of considerable attention. Of all the neuropeptides, vasopressin (AVP) has been one of the most widely studied. The availability of sophisticated immunocytochemical and biochemical methods has permitted localization of AVP in areas of the brain known to be involved in cardiovascular regulation. In addition, specific AVP receptors with high affinity have been found in these brain areas.Several lines of evidence suggest that central AVP plays a role in the control of blood pressure and heart rate in both normotensive and hypertensive animals. Administration of AVP into the central nervous system produces changes in arterial pressure and heart rate that can be reversed by competitive antagonists. AVP interacts with neurotransmitters such as catecholamines, which are involved in arterial pressure regulation. It is also a potent releasing factor for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-corticosterone, which in turn acts on the cardiovascular system. Agents that inhibit the interaction of AVP with its receptors have cardiovascular effects. Furthermore, levels of AVP and its receptor are altered in hypertensive states. Finally, increased sensitivity to the pressor effects of AVP has been described in experimental models of hypertension.This review will focus on evidence for a central role for AVP in cardiovascular regulation and the pathogenesis of hypertension, and discussion will mainly focus on work done in rats. It should be noted that there is increasing evidence for species differences in responsiveness to AVP and mechanisms of action of AVP. For a more detailed discussion of the neuroanatomy, biochemistry, molecular biology, and physiology of this peptide,

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Identification and localization of neurohypophysial peptides in the brain of a caecilian amphibian,Typhlonectes natans (amphibia: Gymnophiona)

1998

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The amphibian order Gymnophiona contains more than 150 different species of caecilians. The characterization and distribution of neurohypophysial peptides, however, has not been described for any member of this order. By using high-performance liquid chromatography, radioimmunoassay, and mass spectrometry, we identified the peptide arginine vasotocin (AVT) in brain and pituitary extracts from the caecilian Typhlonectes natans. By using immunocytochemistry, we found five populations of AVT-immunoreactive (AVT-ir) cells in the brain of T. natans. AVT-ir cell bodies were located in the preoptic area, amygdala pars medialis, ventral thalamus, dorsal hypothalamic nucleus, and nucleus of the solitary tract. AVT-ir fibers and terminal fields were widespread. We also identified a mesotocin-like peptide. The distribution of this peptide in the brain of T. natans was more restricted than the distribution of AVT. Mesotocin-like-immunoreactive cell bodies were located almost exclusively in the preoptic area, with only a few other cells located in the amygdala pars medialis. This caecilian species, therefore, possesses neurohypophysial peptides that are similar in their structure and distribution to the peptides found in anuran and urodele amphibian orders.

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Microinjection of vasopressin into the locus coeruleus of conscious rats

Cited by 33 publications

References 16 publications

Cardiovascular effects of injections of vasopressin into the nucleus tractus solitarius in conscious rats

Cardiovascular effects of injections of vasopressin into the nucleus tractus solitarius in conscious rats

Central role for vasopressin in cardiovascular regulation and the pathogenesis of hypertension.

Identification and localization of neurohypophysial peptides in the brain of a caecilian amphibian,Typhlonectes natans (amphibia: Gymnophiona)

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