Microleakage Around Dental Restorations: A Summarizing Review

Decreased leakage was associated with Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (total etch) and iBond (self-etch) systems in Class V resin composite restorations. All adhesive systems performed best when bonded to enamel compared to dentin surface anatomy. Clinicians should be aware that strict adherence to manufacturer instructions, when using these materials, is of primary importance. SUMMARYThis study evaluated microleakage in vitro of selfetch and multi-step, total-etch adhesive systems. Ninety-six extracted non-carious human molars were randomly assigned to eight groups (n=12) and restored with different adhesive systems: Optibond Solo Plus, iBond, Adper Prompt L-Pop, Xeno III, Simplicity, Nano-Bond, Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose and Touch & Bond. Each group was treated following the manufacturer's instructions. Class V cavities were prepared on the facial or lingual surfaces of each tooth with coronal margins in enamel and apical margins in cementum (dentin). The teeth were restored with Z-100 resin composite. After polishing with Sof-Lex disks, the teeth were thermocycled for 1000 cycles and coated with nail varnish to within 1.0 mm of the restoration. The teeth were stained in 1% methylene blue dye for 24 hours and sectioned from the facial to lingual surface. Dye penetration (microleakage) was examined with a 20x binocular microscope. Enamel and dentin margin leakage was scored on a 0 to 3 ordinal scale. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis Analysis of Variance and Mann-Whitney U tests. Comparison of the adhesive groups at the enamel margin revealed: 1) Adper Scotchbond MultiPurpose exhibited significantly less leakage than the other adhesive groups (except iBond); 2) among the self-etch adhesive groups, iBond exhibited significantly less leakage than Nano-Bond and 3) the other adhesive groups clustered intermediately. In contrast, there were no significant differences among the adhesive groups when the dentin margin was evaluated. A Wilcoxin signed rank test showed significantly less leakage at the enamel margins compared to the dentin margins of the eight adhesive systems tested. All data were submitted to statistical analysis at p<0.05 level of significance.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marginal Permeability of Self-etch and Total-etch Adhesive Systems

Owens

Johnson

Harris

2006

“…While cavity varnishes have been routinely used under amalgam restorations, serving as interim sealers while corrosion products form (Andrews & Hembree, 1980), they have been reported to disintegrate shortly after restoration placement (Going, 1972). Traditionally, calcium hydroxide has been used as a cavity liner and, while many practitioners recognize its potential for stimulating reparative dentin formation, the concept is neither universally accepted nor is the evidence for it compelling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cavity Disinfection on Postoperative Sensitivity Associated with Amalgam Restorations

Al-Omari

Alomari

Omar

2006

SUMMARYThis clinical study assessed the postoperative cold sensitivity reported by patients following the Class I and Class II amalgam restoration of primary carious lesions after different cavity treatments. One hundred and twenty patients, each with a previously untreated tooth requiring an amalgam restoration due to the presence of a carious lesion, were included. Sixty teeth had lesions that were radiographically judged to be located in the middle third of dentin, and another 60 were located in the inner third of dentin. Six different cavity treatment regimens were used: Group 1-no treatment; Group 2-calcium hydroxide liner (Life); Group 3-cavity varnish (Copalite); Group 4-resin modified glass ionomer liner (Vitrebond); Group 5-dentin adhesive resin liner (Single Bond); Group 6-chlorhexidine disinfectant (Consepsis). Patients were telephoned on days 2 and 7 postoperatively and asked whether they experienced sensitivity to cold, and if so, its duration and intensity. If sensitivity remained up to day 7, patients were also contacted on days 30 and 90. The KruskalWallis test showed postoperative sensitivity to be significantly different among cavity treatments at days 2, 7 and 30 (p=0.026, 0.044, 0.015, respectively). Lesion depth also affected postoperative sensitivity at day 2, with 27% of teeth with middle-third lesions producing pain, and 58% of those with lesions extending to the inner third producing pain (p=0.000). This difference showed up at 7 and 30 days (p=0.001, 0.015, respectively). Of the 51 teeth with sensitivity at day 2, 17 had mild pain, 26 were moderately painful and 8 had severe pain; each category reduced in degree of sensitivity and number with time. It would seem that medium-term (beyond 30 days) postoperative sensitivity is affected neither by the method of cavity treatment nor the depth of lesion,

“…2 Microleakage has been defined as the "clinically undetectable" passage of bacteria, fluids, molecules or ions between a cavity wall and the restorative material applied to it and can result from deterioration of the tooth-restoration interface, differences between thermal expansion coefficients of material-tooth tissue or polymerization shrinkage, causing staining, micro-gap formation, recurrent caries and possible pulpal involvement and restoration replacement. [15][16][17][18] Bonding to "dynamic," "living" tooth structure (dentin) can be complicated. Complications include multiple inherent variables: bio-chemical, clinical and methodologic.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Single Step Adhesives on the Marginal Permeability of Class V Resin Composites

Owens¹,

Johnson²

2007

SUMMARYThis in vitro study evaluated the coronal and apical marginal microleakage of four self-etch, seventh generation adhesive systems.Sixty non-carious human molars were randomly assigned to four groups (n=12). Class V cavities were prepared on the facial or lingual surface of each tooth with coronal margins in enamel and apical margins in cementum (dentin) at the cementoenamel junction. The preparations were restored using four self-etch adhesive systems (iBond, G-Bond, Xeno IV and Clearfil S 3 Bond) and a control (no adhesive), followed by insertion of Gradia Direct microfilled hybrid resin composite. The teeth (specimens) were thermocycled 1,000 cycles, immersed in 1% methylene blue dye for 24 hours and invested in acrylic resin. The specimen blocks were then sectioned longitudinally, with dye penetration (microleakage) examined using a 20x binocular microscope. Coronal and apical margins were scored separately for microleakage using a 0-3 ordinal ranking system. Data were analyzed using non-parametric tests at a p<0.05 level of significance. A comparison of adhesive and control groups at the coronal and apical margins revealed that significant (p<.0001) differences were exhibited. At the coronal margin, Xeno IV revealed significantly less leakage than the other adhesives, with Clearfil S 3 Bond exhibiting significantly less leakage at the apical margin. Groups with no adhesive treatment (control) showed significantly greater leakage at both the coronal and apical margin locations. A Wilcoxon signed rank test showed no significant differences at the coronal compared to the apical margins of the four adhesive systems and control tested.