Micromagic Clock: Microwave Clock Based on Atoms in an Engineered Optical Lattice

Beloy, K.; Derevianko, Andrei; Dzuba, V. A.; Flambaum, V. V.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.102.120801

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The wavelength λ is called magic wavelength [4,5]. Recently, cesium primary frequency standard with atoms trapped in an optical lattice with a magic wavelength was suggested [12,13], and possible magic wavelengths for clock transitions in aluminium and gallium atoms were also calculated [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magic wavelengths for terahertz clock transitions

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2010

Phys. Rev. A

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Magic wavelengths for laser trapping of boson isotopes of alkaline-earth Sr, Ca and Mg atoms are investigated while considering terahertz clock transitions between the 3 P 0 , 3 P 1 , 3 P 2 metastable triplet states. Our calculation shows that magic wavelengths of trapping laser do exist. This result is important because those metastable states have already been used to realize accurate clocks in the terahertz frequency domain. Detailed discussions for magic wavelength for terahertz clock transitions are given in this paper.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magic wavelengths for terahertz clock transitions

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2010

Phys. Rev. A

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“…[4], for M F = 0 clock or qubit states and fixed B k or B ⊥k geometry neither Rb nor Cs can be magically trapped. However, the magic trapping can be achieved for Al and Ga. Our consideration here is more general, as we also consider varying rotation angles.…”

Section: Selecting Atoms For Trappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the trapping field causes shifts in the internal energy levels via the ac Stark effect, and these shifts depend on the intensity of the trapping lasers. This problem has been considered in detail in the context of optical lattice clocks (see, e.g., [1][2][3][4]). The solution employed in these works is to use an optical lattice operating at "magic" trapping conditions (e.g., magic wavelength) for which the energy levels of interest experience the same shift, even as the atom or molecule moves within the lattice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possibility of Stark-insensitive cotrapping of two atomic species in optical lattices

2011

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Much effort has been devoted to removing differential Stark shifts for atoms trapped in specially tailored "magic" optical lattices, but thus far work has focused on a single trapped atomic species. In this work, we extend these ideas to include two atomic species sharing the same optical lattice. We show qualitatively that, in particular, scalar J = 0 divalent atoms paired with non-scalar state atoms have the necessary characteristics to achieve such Stark shift cancellation. We then present numerical results on "magic" trapping conditions for 27 Al paired with 87 Sr, as well as several other divalent atoms.

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“…We now turn our attention to other clocks that use the hyperfine splitting of a ground p1 /2 -wave state as the reference frequency, such as those proposed in [6]. In this case the blackbody radiation will again cause attraction (or repulsion) between the two p1 /2 levels, in a similar fashion to the s1 /2 -wave case.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…We find that the simple scaling law of the blackbody shift ∆ω hfs ∼ T 2 is only valid at high temperatures. Additionally we calculate the shift for p1 /2 hyperfine transitions which have been proposed as clock references [6]. We show that interaction with the p3 /2 fine-structure multiplet must be considered.…”

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confidence: 99%

Magnetic blackbody shift of hyperfine transitions for atomic clocks

2009

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We derive an expression for the magnetic blackbody shift of hyperfine transitions such as the cesium primary reference transition which defines the second. The shift is found to be a complicated function of temperature, and has a T 2 dependence only in the high-temperature limit. We also calculate the shift of ground-state p1 /2 hyperfine transitions which have been proposed as new atomic clock transitions. In this case interaction with the p3 /2 fine-structure multiplet may be the dominant effect.PACS numbers: 06.20.fb,32.60.+i The frequency of the ground-state hyperfine transitions used in atomic clocks (such as the cesium primary standard) are known to be temperature dependent [1]. For this reason the SI second is defined at 0 K, and at any finite temperature the blackbody shift must be taken into account. Temperature fluctuation of the laboratory is a major portion of the clock error budget [2], therefore the NIST-F2 cesium fountain, currently under construction, will be cooled to 77 K to reduce the blackbody shift.Recently there was some disagreement in the literature over the size of the electric blackbody radiation shift in cesium. Early measurements and ab initio calculations support a value about 10% higher than later measurements and semiempirical calculations (see [3] for references). On the theory side, this seems to have been resolved [3,4,5] in favour of the larger values. As the temperature of the experiment is reduced in the future the magnetic blackbody shift (∼ T 2 ) will become more important relative to the electric shift (∼ T 4 ). Hence this reassessment of the magnetic blackbody shift.In this paper we present a derivation of the magnetic blackbody shift of ground-state hyperfine transitions that is valid at all temperatures (not just in the high-temperature limit). We calculate the effect for s1 /2 hyperfine transitions such as the 6s1 /2 (F = 3 → 4) 133 Cs transition which defines the second (there are many other such clocks, including 87 Rb, 171 Yb + , and 199 Hg + ). We find that the simple scaling law of the blackbody shift ∆ω hfs ∼ T 2 is only valid at high temperatures. Additionally we calculate the shift for p1 /2 hyperfine transitions which have been proposed as clock references [6]. We show that interaction with the p3 /2 fine-structure multiplet must be considered.The magnitude of the magnetic blackbody field is (atomic unitsh = e = m e = 1)An oscillating magnetic field B(ω) cos(ωt) affects an atomic energy level via the time dependent perturbationwhere µ is the magnetic dipole moment of the system. The energy is affected in the second order of perturbation theory (see, e.g. [7])For an atom with a single electron above closed shells µ = −µ B (L + g s S) with g s = 2 and µ B = α/2 in atomic units. A general expression for this case is presented in the Appendix. We first examine the case of a single s1 /2 orbital split by the hyperfine interaction with a nuclear spin I. In this case there are only two levels of interest, with F = I + 1 /2 and F = I − 1 /2; the next level will be ...

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Micromagic Clock: Microwave Clock Based on Atoms in an Engineered Optical Lattice

Cited by 24 publications

References 22 publications

Magic wavelengths for terahertz clock transitions

Magic wavelengths for terahertz clock transitions

Possibility of Stark-insensitive cotrapping of two atomic species in optical lattices

Magnetic blackbody shift of hyperfine transitions for atomic clocks

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