“…The void coalescence occurs when the void volume fraction f ⁄ reaches the critical values f C , and the fracture occurs when the f ⁄ reaches the critical failure void volume fraction f F . This modified model is referred as GTN model, which has been implemented in ABAQUS code and widely used to predict and simulate ductile crack growth and fracture resistance behavior of different specimens, material interfaces and welded joints [12,[16][17][18][27][28][29][30][31][32]. In this study, GTN damage model is used in the FEM simulations to obtain the crack growth resistance curves and ductile fracture toughness of the cracks in bi-material interface regions with different work hardening mismatches.…”