Micromechanisms of slow crack growth in polyethylene under constant tensile loading

Plummer, C. J. G.; Gol'dberg, A. M.; Ghanem, Antoine

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(01)00476-1

Cited by 73 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Most of the experimental techniques that have been used to study such phenomena are based upon optical and electron microscopy. [2,3] However, these methods have several limitations, which include relatively poor resolution (for optical microscopy) and problems associated with sample preparation (for transmission electron microscopy or TEM). In particular, TEM requires the use of thin sample sections, which are typically cut with a diamond or glass blade, risking preparationinduced sample modification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfocus X‐Ray Scattering Scanning Microscopy for Polymer Applications

Zafeiropoulos

Davies

Roth

et al. 2005

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Summary: The fracture properties of polymers are one of the key parameters that define their service life and limit their applications. One of the most interesting and important questions is how the molecular architecture and the structure of polymers at nanolength scales influence their fracture properties. X‐ray scattering is a powerful means of probing bulk structures at the nanometre scale. It can therefore provide a wealth of information relating to such structure‐property relationships. In the present study, synchrotron radiation microfocus small‐angle X‐ray scattering is used to investigate the damage area ahead and around the crack tip in polyamide 6 (PA6). The results reveal that the damage area propagates far beyond the visible crack, and inside the damaged zone platelet‐shaped cracks/voids are formed. magnified image

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfocus X‐Ray Scattering Scanning Microscopy for Polymer Applications

Zafeiropoulos

Davies

Roth

et al. 2005

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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“…Final breakdown depends on the stability of these fibrils. At smaller K, extensive lamellar fragmentation and increasingly finer and stable fibrillar structures are observed (124).…”

Section: Two-phase (Or Even More Complex) Polymer Solidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Fracture

Schmeling¹,

Williams²

2015

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

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Fracture of polymers is defined as the stress‐biased material disintegration through the formation of new surface within a body. The essential molecular damage mechanisms leading to crack initiation followed by stable and/or unstable crack propagation are described; fracture phenomena are identified and quantified using different concepts of fracture mechanics (linear elastic, confined plasticity, essential work of fracture). Particular attention has been given to a discussion of toughness and time‐dependent strength in terms of molecular and material parameters (eg, composition, chain architecture, degree of entanglement, and molecular mobility) and of extrinsic variables (state of stress, rate of loading, environment). However, the important aspect of fatigue behavior is treated in an independent part in this Encyclopedia.

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“…The initial damage gradually becomes a craze, i.e. a narrow crack bridged by numerous microfibrils which prevent the crack opening [6,7]. The resistance to stress cracking is generally ascribed to the tensile resistance of the microfibrils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Approaches of Polyethylene Environmental Stress-Crack Resistance

Cazenave¹,

Sixou²,

Séguéla³

2006

Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Rev. IFP

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Résumé -Approches structurales de la fissuration sous contrainte du polyéthylène en milieu tensio-actif -Ce travail est une contribution à la compréhension et la prédiction du comportement à long terme du polyéthylène en relation avec l'architecture moléculaire. L'exploration de la microstructure semi-cristalline et de la topologie moléculaire constituée de chaînes liantes intercristallines et de boucles de repliement constitue l'objectif majeur du travail. Une cristallisation fractionnée en deux étapes a été utilisée pour la séparation des espèces pouvant facilement cristalliser par repliement régulier de celles qui ne peuvent pas. Le taux de déformation naturel qui se développe au-delà du seuil d'écoulement plastique en traction uni-axiale s'est avéré très sensible à la topologie moléculaire par le biais de la fragmentation lamellaire et du dépliement de chaîne. La diffusion des rayons X aux petits angles a fourni de précieux renseignements semi-quantitatifs sur la régularité d'empilement de la microstructure lamellaire. Les données issues des trois approches révèlent des corrélations avec l'architecture moléculaire en bonne concordance avec l'évolution de la résistance à la fissuration sous contrainte. Ces corrélations sont discutées en termes de cinétique de cristallisation et de topologie moléculaire. Un résultat pratique de ce travail est l'accès à des outils prédictifs fiables pour la résistance à la fissuration sous contrainte. Abstract -Structural Approaches of Polyethylene Environmental Stress-Crack Resistance -This work was aimed at understanding and predicting of the long-term mechanical behavior of polyethylene in relation to molecular architecture. An insight into the semi-crystalline microstructure and the chain topology consisting of intercrystalline tie chains and loose folding loops was the main objective of the

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Micromechanisms of slow crack growth in polyethylene under constant tensile loading

Cited by 73 publications

References 14 publications

Microfocus X‐Ray Scattering Scanning Microscopy for Polymer Applications

Microfocus X‐Ray Scattering Scanning Microscopy for Polymer Applications

Polymer Fracture

Structural Approaches of Polyethylene Environmental Stress-Crack Resistance

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