Micrometer Sensing With Microwaves: Precise Radar Systems for Innovative Measurement Applications

Michler, Fabian; Scheiner, Benedict; Reissland, Torsten; Weigel, Robert; Koelpin, Alexander

doi:10.1109/jmw.2020.3034988

Cited by 23 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Especially the radio determination industrial in shielded environments (RDI-S) device class in CEPT work item WI71 (ECC Report 334) is supposed to allow covering more than 56 GHz of contiguous bandwidth in the frequency range from 126-182 GHz with industrial radar devices for the first time. This enables future radar devices to perform ultra wideband frequency response measurements for a large variety of applications [5]- [9], like classical vector network analyzers (VNAs).…”

Section: -246mentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile 126–182 GHz UWB D-Band FMCW Radar for Industrial and Scientific Applications

Küppers¹,

Jaeschke²,

Pohl

et al. 2022

IEEE Sens. Lett.

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In this paper a D-band frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar for industrial and scientific applications is presented. It covers an ultra-wide 56 GHz sweep bandwidth (126 GHz-182 GHz, 36.4%) and is based on a custom 1 TRX + 2 RX SiGe transceiver MMIC manufactured in Infineon's B11HFC 130 nm BiCMOS process with an T of 250 GHz and max of 370 GHz. An innovative versatile multichannel edge-launch waveguide frontend-module architecture allows covering applications requiring dual polarization sensing or azimuth & elevation angle-of-arrival estimation based on the same mm-wave circuit board. The FMCW sweeper is based on measurement equipment grade commercial fractional-N PLL synthesizers in an offset dual-loop configuration for highly linear wideband FMCW sweep generation with a phase noise of better than -80 dBc/Hz ( off > 10 kHz) and superior performance even for ultra-fast ramp slopes of more than 56 GHz / 1 ms. Intermediate frequency (IF) signals of a single target measurement are presented to demonstrate the dynamic range capabilities of the FMCW radar. An SNR of 81 dB is achieved using a metal plate reflector target in free space. Due to the ultra-wide bandwidth and the resulting calibrated range resolution of 2.7 mm (-3 dB width, Tukey window), target separation is even possible in dense multi-target environments. Additionally, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are presented as an example application utilizing the high range resolution capabilities.

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Section: -246mentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile 126–182 GHz UWB D-Band FMCW Radar for Industrial and Scientific Applications

Küppers¹,

Jaeschke²,

Pohl

et al. 2022

IEEE Sens. Lett.

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“…The above reasons motivated recent investigations into contactless-based sensing, and radar-based sensing at microwave frequencies [ 1 ] appears to be a promising alternative to conventional implantable or wearable sensors for vital signs monitoring. This leads to the concept of bio-radar [ 2 ], which promises to revolutionize the healthcare industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

24 GHz Flexible Antenna for Doppler Radar-Based Human Vital Signs Monitoring

Kathuria

Seet

2021

Sensors

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Noncontact monitoring of human vital signs has been an emerging research topic in recent years. A key approach to this monitoring is the use of the Doppler radar concept which enables real-time vital signs detection, resulting in a new class of radar system known as bio-radar. The antennas are a key component of any bio-radar module and their designs should meet the common requirements of bio-radar applications such as high radiation directivity and mechanical flexibility. This paper presents the design of a four-element antenna array on a flexible liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrate of 100 μm thickness and εr of 3.35. The designed antenna array can be used with a 24 GHz bio-radar for vital signs monitoring in a non-contact manner. It features a relatively compact size of 36.5 × 53 mm2 and measured gain of 5.81 dBi. The two vital signs: breathing rate (BR) and heart rate (HR) of two human subjects are detected with relatively good accuracy using the fabricated antenna array and radio frequency (RF) output power of −3 dBm from a distance of approximately 60 cm. The effect of bending on the antenna performance is also analyzed.

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“…While motion compensation is often associated with SAR, the proposed approach instead targets edge sensing applications for which hardware/resource complexity and response time is critical, including short-range automotive radar target detection and pedestrian micro-Doppler analysis/classification [3], human activity recognition [21], [66], early-warning collision detection and proximity sensing [66], industrial self-navigating autonomous robots, and wearable personal electronics (e.g., for gesture sensing, augmented reality, health monitoring, etc.) [67], among others. Nonetheless, the methods presented are also extendable to SAR applications.…”

Section: ) Proposes a Unique Radar Anchor Point Data Fusionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Anchor-Based, Real-Time Motion Compensation for High-Resolution mmWave Radar

Poole,

Arbabian

2024

IEEE J. Microw.

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In the modern domain of edge sensing and physically compact smart devices, mmWave radar has emerged as a prominent modality, simultaneously offering high-resolution perception capacity and accommodatingly small form factor. The inevitable presence of device motion, however, corrupts the received radar data, reducing target sensing capability and requiring active correction to address the resultant spectral "blurring". Existing motion compensation techniques utilize computationally intensive post-processing algorithms and/or auxiliary hardware, aspects ill-suited for resource-limited edge devices requiring minimal system latency and complexity. Early works also often consider motion dynamics such as pure single-mode vibration, neglecting additional modes as well as non-harmonic motion content. We resolve both of these limitations by presenting a real-time-compatible, generalized complex motion compensation algorithm capable of correcting multicomponent platform trajectories involving both non-harmonic transients and multimode harmonic vibration. The proposed anchor-based approach achieves average SNR gains of 24.9 dB and 19.7 dB across transient duration and target velocity, respectively, and average multimode harmonic suppressions of 38.9 dB and 29.4 dB across vibration parameters and target velocity, respectively. These results, combined with minimal latency (≤ 240 ms), low algorithmic complexity, and the elimination of any additional auxiliary sensors, render the proposed method suitable for deployment in typical edge sensing applications.INDEX TERMS Real-time sensing, mmWave radar, high-resolution radar, imaging radar, complex motion, deconvolution, radar signal processing, anchor point.

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Micrometer Sensing With Microwaves: Precise Radar Systems for Innovative Measurement Applications

Cited by 23 publications

References 103 publications

Versatile 126–182 GHz UWB D-Band FMCW Radar for Industrial and Scientific Applications

Versatile 126–182 GHz UWB D-Band FMCW Radar for Industrial and Scientific Applications

24 GHz Flexible Antenna for Doppler Radar-Based Human Vital Signs Monitoring

Anchor-Based, Real-Time Motion Compensation for High-Resolution mmWave Radar

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