Micromorphological and chemical aspects of archaeological bamboos under long-term waterlogged condition

Young, Mi; Lee, Kwang Ho; Kim, Y. S.

doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.08.008

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In accordance with the PCA results, strong decreases of intensities for band peaks at 1730 cm −1 , 1234 cm −1 and 834 cm −1 were observed in the average FTIR spectrum of VICWs in archaeological wood. The dramatic intensity decline at both 1730 cm −1 and 1234 cm −1 indicated the loss of carboxyl groups in glucuronic acids of O-acetyl-(4-O-methylgulcurono) xylan, which was also proved by the absence of signal 16 at 21 ppm and signal 1 at 172 ppm, ascribed to CH 3 -COO-methyl carbon in hemicellulose acetyl groups and the carbonyl of carbohydrates, respectively, in the 13 C solid state NMR curve of WAW [17,[23][24][25] ( Figure 4A and Table S2). The loss of carboxyl group of glucuronic acid residues in hemicellulose probably indicates the partial loss of unconjugated ester linkages in lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) of VICWs in archaeological wood according to a previous report [14].…”

Section: The Deterioration Of Cell Wall Componentsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Even Visually Intact Cell Walls in Waterlogged Archaeological Wood Are Chemically Deteriorated and Mechanically Fragile: A Case of a 170 Year-Old Shipwreck

et al. 2020

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Structural and chemical deterioration and its impact on cell wall mechanics were investigated for visually intact cell walls (VICWs) in waterlogged archaeological wood (WAW). Cell wall mechanical properties were examined by nanoindentation without prior embedding. WAW showed more than 25% decrease of both hardness and elastic modulus. Changes of cell wall composition, cellulose crystallite structure and porosity were investigated by ATR-FTIR imaging, Raman imaging, wet chemistry, 13C-solid state NMR, pyrolysis-GC/MS, wide angle X-ray scattering, and N2 nitrogen adsorption. VICWs in WAW possessed a cleavage of carboxyl in side chains of xylan, a serious loss of polysaccharides, and a partial breakage of β-O-4 interlinks in lignin. This was accompanied by a higher amount of mesopores in cell walls. Even VICWs in WAW were severely deteriorated at the nanoscale with impact on mechanics, which has strong implications for the conservation of archaeological shipwrecks.

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Section: The Deterioration Of Cell Wall Componentsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Even Visually Intact Cell Walls in Waterlogged Archaeological Wood Are Chemically Deteriorated and Mechanically Fragile: A Case of a 170 Year-Old Shipwreck

et al. 2020

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“…Solid-state NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectra were obtained from Bruker Avance 400 FT-NMR (USA), as described previously [18,19]. All the 13 C CP MAS NMR (cross polarization and magic angle spinning NMR) measurements were performed with a Bruker Avance 400 MHz spectrometer operating at 100.62 MHz at room temperature.…”

Section: Instrumental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Weathering characteristics of bamboo (Phyllostachys puberscence) exposed to outdoors for one year

Kim

2016

J Wood Sci

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The 1-3-year-old bamboo (Phyllostachys puberscence) culms were exposed to ambient weathering conditions for 12 months. Changes in color, surface topography, and chemical features of bamboo culms by weathering were investigated. Changes in the surface color of culms increased sharply in the first 3 months weathering and then slowly decreased compared to control culms. Surface checks developed more markedly in the 2-and 3-year-old bamboos than in the 1-year-old ones. The depth of erosion was extended up to 150 lm from the outer surface of culms. Solid-state NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and FT-IR (Fourier transform infra-red) spectra showed that the lignin and hemicelluloses of bamboo culms were preferentially affected by natural weathering, while crystalline cellulose remained relatively intact.

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“…However, the lignin level increased in the middle lamella (ML) and cell corner. Reported by [19] seen from the SEM and TEM images that possibly be the lignin-rich at corner middle lamella and it was the most durable in physically. Also, frequently show hemicellulose consisted more content on the S1 layer and cellulose more consists in the S2 layer.…”

Section: Structural Of S Brachycladum Under Scanning Electron Microsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Macroscopic and Microscopic Characteristics of 2- and 4-Year-Old Schizostachyum brachycladum

2019

BJoST

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Anatomical of cell wall structure on Schizostachyum brachycladum examined. The harvested two-year-old and four-year-old bamboo culms segregated into the bottom, middle and top portions. The samples then undergo the Light Microscopy (LM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to determine their structure such as a vascular bundle, parenchyma, and sclerenchyma. Results show the surface of bamboo was visualized by LM to decide on their structural figure. In this part, 2-year age indicated that higher numbers of vascular bundle and average of mean compared to the 4-year S. brachycladum. Followed by a specific study of cell wall structure using SEM with highlighted 4-year S. brachycladum had more complex of morphology structure compared to the 2-year-old. Later on, TEM illustrated to shows most depth anatomically structure of bamboo such as middle lamella, primary and secondary walls.

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Micromorphological and chemical aspects of archaeological bamboos under long-term waterlogged condition

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Even Visually Intact Cell Walls in Waterlogged Archaeological Wood Are Chemically Deteriorated and Mechanically Fragile: A Case of a 170 Year-Old Shipwreck

Even Visually Intact Cell Walls in Waterlogged Archaeological Wood Are Chemically Deteriorated and Mechanically Fragile: A Case of a 170 Year-Old Shipwreck

Weathering characteristics of bamboo (Phyllostachys puberscence) exposed to outdoors for one year

Macroscopic and Microscopic Characteristics of 2- and 4-Year-Old Schizostachyum brachycladum

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