Micromorphology and major element geochemistry of calcretes in the Thoppukulam mine section, Sathankulam region, Southern Tamil Nadu, India: implications on depositional environment

Velmayil, Perumal; Venu, Udayanapillai Alagaiah

doi:10.1007/s12517-019-4544-4

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Alkaline-rich groundwater fluctuation and paedogenic leaching of surface water cause for calcrete formation within the regolith part. Such similar observations have been reported in various areas (Hill et al, 1999;Hema and Navin, 2004;McQueen, 2006;Grevenitz, 2006;Udayanapillai and Thirugnanasambandam, 2012;Perumal and Udayanapillai, 2019).…”

Section: Micromorphologysupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Besides, the paedogenic leaching of surface water from calcium-rich soil may also contribute to raising the CaCO 3 content in calcrete. Such similar reports have been published in the area of Pandalgudi (Udayanapillai and Thirugnanasambandam, 2012) and in Thoppukulam region in Tamil Nadu (Perumal and Udayanapillai, 2019).…”

Section: Major Element Geochemistrysupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The positive correlation existing between K 2 0 Vs Al 2 O 3 (r = 0.9) represents that they may be contributed from the same sources. Such similar relations were observed in Australian (Mc Queen, 2006) and Indian calcretes (Perumal and Udayanapillai, 2019).…”

Section: Major Element Geochemistrysupporting

confidence: 82%

“…It means that they are not derived from the carbonate phase. Iron oxide, oxy-hydroxide impurities, algal mats from soil may give iron content to calcrete (McQueen, 2006;Grevenitz, 2006;Udayanapillai and Thirugnanasambandam, 2012;Perumal and Udayanapillai, 2019).…”

Section: Major Element Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geochemistry of palaeosol and calcrete is important proxies for palaeoclimate history of regolith (Küçükuysal and Kapur, 2014;Perumal and Udayanapillai, 2019). The Na 2 O/K 2 O ratio or salinization increases towards the upper horizon or regolith calcrete profiles which are the evidence of evaporation and evapotranspiration process.…”

Section: Palaeoclimatementioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcrete profiles in Puthukulam quarry section, Sathankulam region, Southern Tamilnadu, India: implications on palaeoclimate significance

Velmayil

Venu²

2020

J. Sediment. Environ.

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Calcrete is an impure limestone which is used as a substitute raw material resources for high-grade primary limestones like shell limestone, meta-sedimentary crystalline limestone in cement industries. They occur as a boundless deposit within the regolith profile sections rest over the basement rocks of granite quarry at Puthukulam Village, near Sathankulam region, Tuticorin District of Tamil Nadu, India. Geology of the area and schematic calcrete profiles stratigraphy are given. Field observation reveals that calcrete occurs as massive, laminated, oolitic, hardpan and lumpy forms in the study area. Micromorphological characters of calcrete of the area are revealing the displacive and replacive texture. And also the micritic and microsparitic calcite deposition is associated with regolith material. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals the general mineralogy and clay mineralogy of the calcrete. The major element geochemistry of calcrete through X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analysis (XRF) indicates that CaO, MgO, SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 are in a higher elevated concentration above 1% than other oxides, such as MnO, MgO, Na 2 O, K 2 O, TiO 2 and P 2 O 5. To evaluate the palaeoclimate significance, results of the proxies of mineralogy, clay mineralogy and major element geochemistry of calcrete are used.

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Section: Micromorphologysupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Major Element Geochemistrysupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Major Element Geochemistrysupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Major Element Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Palaeoclimatementioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcrete profiles in Puthukulam quarry section, Sathankulam region, Southern Tamilnadu, India: implications on palaeoclimate significance

Velmayil

Venu²

2020

J. Sediment. Environ.

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Texture, mineralogy and geochemistry of Teri sediments from the Kuthiraimozhi deposit, Southern Tamilnadu, India: implications on provenance, weathering and palaeoclimate

Venu¹,

Velmayil

2021

Arab J Geosci

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The study examines about the red sand dune deposit locally designated as teri deposits; it is an omnipresent geomorphologic feature present in the coastal region of Thoothukudi and Ramanathapuram districts of Tamil Nadu, India. One of the inland teri sand dune outcrops is located around the Kuthiraimozhi village of Thoothukudi district in Tamil Nadu, India. Textural, mineralogical and geochemical studies were carried out in the teri sediments and its compact sandstone outcrops. The sediments are moderately sorted to well-sorted and finely skewed nature which indicates that fluvio-marine depositional environment. Geochemical analysis results of major, trace and rare earth elements for teri deposits help to predict the provenance, weathering status, depositional environment and climate. The geochemical study reveals that the sediments were derived from marine and non-marine sources. Teri sediments are geochemically classified as lithic arenite or wacke. Petrography and X-ray diffraction analysis reveal the predominance of quartz and feldspars along with the accessory minerals like ilmenite, rutile, garnet, magnetite, hematite, zircon, diopside, hypersthenes and biotite. Mineralogical observation illustrates that the teri sediments have originated from the weathering of felsic and mafic source rocks. The Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) values of sediments represent moderate to the high status of weathering conditions in the source area. The depositional environment indicates that the sediments are fine-grained with high maturity index. Despite that the sediments are formed by fluvio-marine sources, the reddening character in the teri deposits is due to oxidation and leaching of iron-bearing minerals by percolating surface water from high rainfall and groundwater fluctuation of the aquifer under arid and semi-arid climate conditions.

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Geochemical and stable isotope (δ13C & δ18O) signatures of Calcrete in and around Pandalgudi, Southern Tamilnadu, India and its implications on Palaeoclimate

et al. 2022

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Micromorphology and major element geochemistry of calcretes in the Thoppukulam mine section, Sathankulam region, Southern Tamil Nadu, India: implications on depositional environment

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Calcrete profiles in Puthukulam quarry section, Sathankulam region, Southern Tamilnadu, India: implications on palaeoclimate significance

Calcrete profiles in Puthukulam quarry section, Sathankulam region, Southern Tamilnadu, India: implications on palaeoclimate significance

Texture, mineralogy and geochemistry of Teri sediments from the Kuthiraimozhi deposit, Southern Tamilnadu, India: implications on provenance, weathering and palaeoclimate

Geochemical and stable isotope (δ13C & δ18O) signatures of Calcrete in and around Pandalgudi, Southern Tamilnadu, India and its implications on Palaeoclimate

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