“…MNs were first described in a United States patent and defined as a drug delivery device with a drug reservoir and multiple projections, that can penetrate the stratum corneum , used in percutaneous administration of drugs for local or systemic therapy [ 106 ]. Since then, patches, rollers, and devices have been developed applying MNs, proving claims to enhance transdermal delivery, be minimally invasive, cause no pain upon administration, and be capable of being self-administered [ 107 , 108 , 109 ]. Microneedles can be made of metal, silicon, glass, ceramic, carbohydrates, or polymers, and are typically classified into four types: solid, coated, dissolving, and hollow and hydrogel, which have already been reviewed elsewhere [ 108 , 109 , 110 ].…”