Microneedle-assisted vaccination combined with autophagy regulation for antitumor immunotherapy

STING agonists as promising vaccine adjuvants to boost immunogenicity against SARS-related coronavirus derived infection: possible role of autophagy

“…Despite plenty of efforts, data is lacking about the safety and effectiveness of the STING agonists as adjuvants used for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. On the other hand, according to the appreciated effect of regulated autophagy in developing novel antitumor immunotherapy, designed as a microneedle-assisted vaccination [ 100 ], special attention can be also paid in the context of novel antiviral vaccines to combat the threat posed by SARS-related coronavirus.…”

Applications and prospects of microneedles in tumor drug delivery

“…127 Immunosuppressants include immune checkpoint inhibitors such as anti-CTLA-4 antibody, 128 anti-PD-1 antibody, 129 anti-PD-L1 antibody, 130 and IDO inhibitors such as 1-MT. 131,132 Immunomodulators include GM-CSF, 133,134 astragalus, 135,136 TLR agonists 137,138 and tumor vaccines. 138,139 Li et al 126 implanted porous PLGA microneedles encapsulating CAR-T cells into the tumor bed or the resection cavity after surgery; CAR-T cells in the microneedles were released into the tumor tissue uniformly and maintained activity.…”

Dissolving microneedles for transdermal drug delivery in cancer immunotherapy

“…In a mouse melanoma model, the cryoMN-delivered OVA pulsed DCs induced stronger antigen-specific immune responses and significantly enhanced antitumor capability compared to both intravenous and subcutaneous injections. Yang et al 72 developed a whole cell-encapsulated antitumor vaccine microneedle patch (TCV-DMNs) (Fig. 3C).…”