Microneedle Patches with Antimicrobial and Immunomodulating Properties for Infected Wound Healing

Abstract

Treatment of infected wounds remains a challenge owing to antibiotic resistance; thus, developing smart biomaterials for the healing of infected wounds is urgently needed. In this study, a microneedle (MN) patch system with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties is developed to promote and accelerate infected wound healing. In the MN patch (termed PFG/M MNs), a nanoparticle with polydopamine (PDA)-loaded iron oxide is grafted with glucose oxidase (GOx) and hyaluronic acid (HA) and then integrated into the tips, and amine-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (AP-MSNs) are incorporated into the bases. Results show that PFG/M MNs eradicate bacterial infections and modulate the immune microenvironment, combining the advantages of chemodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and M2 macrophage polarization from Fe/PDA@GOx@HA in the tips as well as anti-inflammatory effect of AP-MSNs from the MN bases. Thus, the PFG/M MN system is a promising clinical candidate for promoting infected wound healing.

Applications and prospects of microneedles in tumor drug delivery

“…Moreover, microneedles can be used as a single drug carrier or combined with other types of drug carriers for co-delivery, such as vesicles, [14][15][16][17] exosomes, [18][19][20] micelles, 21,22 liposomes, [23][24][25][26] microspheres, 27 and nanoparticles. [28][29][30] Microneedles have been used for delivering various drugs, including small molecule drugs, [31][32][33] nucleic acids, 34 proteins, 35 and biologically active drugs such as cells, 36 bacterias, 37 and viruses. 38 Appropriate matrix materials should be selected based on the physicochemical and biological properties of the drug for immediate release, sustained release, or controlled release.…”

“…Moreover, microneedles can be used as a single drug carrier or combined with other types of drug carriers for co-delivery, such as vesicles, 14–17 exosomes, 18–20 micelles, 21,22 liposomes, 23–26 microspheres, 27 and nanoparticles. 28–30…”

Silk Fibroin-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Energy Harvesting and Biomedical Applications

“…In the field of wound healing, MNs have great potential to offer new solutions for the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds, such as those caused by diabetes. 88−90 MN patches are typically encapsulated with bioactive substances, such as glucose oxidase 91,92 and hyaluronic acid, 93,94 which enable localized drug release and enhance therapeutic effects. Second, some MN patches are self-powered and can generate microcurrents by harvesting mechanical energy or other external stimuli.…”

“…The synergistic effect of combining a sliding free-standing triboelectric nanogenerator with an MN patch aims to enhance the pharmacodynamics of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the context of wound healing (Figure b). In the field of wound healing, MNs have great potential to offer new solutions for the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds, such as those caused by diabetes. − MN patches are typically encapsulated with bioactive substances, such as glucose oxidase , and hyaluronic acid, , which enable localized drug release and enhance therapeutic effects. Second, some MN patches are self-powered and can generate microcurrents by harvesting mechanical energy or other external stimuli .…”

Hybrids of Polysaccharides and Inorganic Nanoparticles: From Morphological Design to Diverse Biomedical Applications

“…Other hybrid systems composed of polysaccharides and inorganic nanoparticles, such as hydrogels, electrospun scaffolds, microneedles, and cell-mediated delivery systems also demonstrate great potential in diverse biomedical applications. These localized administration systems enable increased local retention and concentration of inorganic nanoparticles to enhance the therapeutic effects and avoid potential side effects …”