Micronuclei as prognostic indicators in oral cytological smears: A comparison between smokers and non-smokers

Assessment of oral cytological features in smokers and nonsmokers after application of toluidine blue

“…Our result about higher amount of micronuclei in smokers than nonsmokers is inconsistent with most of the studies. 10,[17][18][19][20][21][22] In our study, results showed that there was no significant difference in abnormal N/C ratio between smokers and nonsmokers that is in consistent with results of Yerlagudda 10 and Mukherjee 23 studies; in other studies, [24][25][26][27] N/ C ratio was higher in oral mucosa of smokers than nonsmokers that are in contradiction with our result. The cause of this contradiction may be related to differences in the mean age of smokers and mean cigarette use (pack/ years) in our study with their studies because the probability of atypical and dysplastic changes such as increased N/ C ratio enhances with increasing age and use of cigarette.…”

Occupational Exposure in Dental Laboratory Technicians May Induce Nuclear Abnormalities in Buccal Mucosa Cells: A PrelimiNary Study

“…Feulgen-Fast Green is more commonly used due to its specificity for DNA and its clear staining of cytoplasm which eases micronucleus count. (15) Papanicolaou stain has been also used in many recent studies (10,16,17) with acceptable results. This method excludes complex processes such as cell culture, metaphase preparation and DNA specific staining.…”

Emergence of micronuclei and apoptosis as potential biomarker of oral carcinogenesis: An updated review

“…In comparison, the cellular changes associated with smokeless tobacco use were more than that in smokers, thus indicating more carcinogenic potential of smokeless tobacco and MN assay can be used as a biomarker of genotoxicity and epithelial carcinogenic progression. Kamath et al [22] assessed the presence or increase of MNs in buccal smears of individuals with tobacco habits against a control group of teetotalers with using standard Papanicolaou stain. They showed that there was a direct correlation with increased MN in smokers and increased correlation of presence of MN with age, duration, and frequency of smoking.…”