Micronucleus monitoring to assess human occupational exposure to organochlorides

Augusto, Lia Giraldo da Silva; Lieber, Sofia Rocha; Ruiz, Milton Artur; Souza, Cármino Antônio de

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1997)29:1<46::aid-em6>3.0.co;2-b

Cited by 50 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…18 19 The cytogenetic markers were used to assess potential carcinogenic effects of the exposures under study. [20][21][22] Occupational effects on cytogenetic markers have not been observed in our survey. Age was the only significant predictor of micronuclei frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomonitoring results and cytogenetic markers among harbour workers with potential exposure to river silt aerosols

Wegner¹,

Radon²,

Heinrich‐Ramm³

et al. 2004

Occup Environ Med

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Background: Workers on dredgers and lighters on rivers are potentially exposed to a variety of substances. Aims: To determine the internal load of heavy metals and arsenic as well as levels of cytogenetic markers in workers exposed to river silt aerosols. Methods: One hundred exposed workers were examined up to eight times within three years. Additionally, 100 control workers were studied once. Blood samples were analysed for lead, mercury, and cadmium. Additionally, micronuclei frequency and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) rates were determined. Urinary samples were analysed for cadmium, mercury, nickel, chromium, and arsenic. Information on potential confounders, such as smoking habits and consumption of fish were assessed. Results: Apart from some increased concentrations of mercury in blood (maximum 14.6 mg/l) and arsenic in urine (maximum 356.5 mg/l) all measurements were within reference values. None of the exposure and effect markers were found to be significantly increased in exposed workers compared to non-exposed controls. In multiple linear regression models, mercury levels in blood as well as the concentration of arsenic in urine were strongly related to fish consumption. Cadmium levels in blood as well as urinary cadmium concentrations were strongly related to smoking habits. After adjusting for smoking habits, SCE rates were associated with cadmium levels in blood. Conclusion: Increased exposure levels or enhanced levels of cytogenetic markers were not found in workers exposed to river silt aerosols. However, cadmium exposure in blood was related to SCE frequency.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomonitoring results and cytogenetic markers among harbour workers with potential exposure to river silt aerosols

Wegner¹,

Radon²,

Heinrich‐Ramm³

et al. 2004

Occup Environ Med

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“…In the past, lymphocytes were predominantly used to assess genotoxic effects, reporting an increase in the number of nuclear anomalies predictive of DNA damage [25,26,27,28]. Later on, this approach was extended to exfoliated cells of subjects exposed to pesticides orally or by inhalation, using the buccal micronucleus cytome assay (BMCA) [29,30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Pesticide Exposure in Male Coffee Farmworkers of the Jarabacoa Region, Dominican Republic

Hutter

Khan

Lemmerer

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Intensive agrochemical use in coffee production in the Global South has been documented. The aim of this study was to investigate cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of pesticide exposure in male farmworkers in the Dominican Republic comparing conventional farming using pesticides to organic farming. Furthermore, feasibility of the buccal micronucleus cytome assay (BMCA) for field studies under difficult local conditions was tested. In a cross-sectional field study, pesticide exposed (sprayers) and non-exposed male workers on coffee plantations were interviewed about exposure history, and pesticide application practices. Buccal cells were sampled, and BMCA was applied to assess potential effects on cell integrity. In total, 38 pesticide-exposed and 33 non-exposed workers participated. Eighty-four and 87%, respectively, of the pesticide-exposed respondents did not use masks or gloves at all. All biomarkers from the BMCA were significantly more frequent among exposed workers—odds ratio for micronucleated cells: 3.1 (95% confidence interval: 1.3–7.4) or karyolysis: 1.3 (1.1–1.5). Buccal cells as sensitive markers of toxic oral or respiratory exposures proved feasible for challenging field studies. Our findings indicate that the impact of pesticide use is not restricted to acute effects on health and wellbeing, but also points to long-term health risks. Therefore, occupational safety measures including training and protective clothing are needed, as well as encouragement towards minimal application of pesticides and more widespread use of organic farming.

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“…Many reports have shown the use of cytogenetic biomonitoring in populations exposed to pesticides [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Factors such as age, sex, lifestyle, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, and history of recent illnesses can influence the frequency of genotoxic effects [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosomal aberrations analysis in a Brazilian population exposed to pesticides

Antonucci

Cólus

2000

Teratog. Carcinog. Mutagen.

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In spite of being harmful, pesticides are widely used in Brazil. Their genotoxic effects might be studied through population monitoring by means of the analysis of chromosomal aberrations in occupationally exposed individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chromosomal aberration frequencies in temporary cultures of lymphocytes from periferic blood of 23 workers professionally exposed to a mixture of pesticides. The workers were employed by the Agronomic Institute of Parana (Brazil) and used all of the prevention measures provided. A detailed history of pesticide use, as well as personal data, smoking habits, and history of recent illnesses and medical treatment were collected through a standardized questionnaire administered to each subject. Nonexposed subjects, matched for age, sex, and smoking habits, served as the negative control. A total of 100 cells were analyzed from each individual. A significant increase in chromosomal aberration frequencies was observed in exposed individuals when compared to the control group. Some individual characteristics such as age, sex, time of exposure to the pesticides, and smoking habits showed no correlation with chromosomal aberrations. Therefore, the positive results may be considered true effects of pesticides on human somatic cells.

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Micronucleus monitoring to assess human occupational exposure to organochlorides

Cited by 50 publications

References 16 publications

Biomonitoring results and cytogenetic markers among harbour workers with potential exposure to river silt aerosols

Biomonitoring results and cytogenetic markers among harbour workers with potential exposure to river silt aerosols

Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Pesticide Exposure in Male Coffee Farmworkers of the Jarabacoa Region, Dominican Republic

Chromosomal aberrations analysis in a Brazilian population exposed to pesticides

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