Micronutrient intake to protect against osteoporosis during and after critical illness

Nair, Priya; Orford, Neil; Kerschan-Schindl, Katharina

doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000979

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Vitamin K may also suppress and prevent vascular inflammation and insulin resistance in type-2 diabetes [ 73 – 75 ]. Furthermore, vitamin K plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of bone health, which is of particular significance during the post-intensive care period, characterised by accelerated bone loss and an elevated risk of fragility fractures [ 76 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin K: a potential missing link in critical illness–a scoping review

Paulus,

Drent,

Kouw

et al. 2024

Crit Care

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Background Vitamin K is essential for numerous physiological processes, including coagulation, bone metabolism, tissue calcification, and antioxidant activity. Deficiency, prevalent in critically ill ICU patients, impacts coagulation and increases the risk of bleeding and other complications. This review aims to elucidate the metabolism of vitamin K in the context of critical illness and identify a potential therapeutic approach. Methods In December 2023, a scoping review was conducted using the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. Literature was searched in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases without restrictions. Inclusion criteria were studies on adult ICU patients discussing vitamin K deficiency and/or supplementation. Results A total of 1712 articles were screened, and 13 met the inclusion criteria. Vitamin K deficiency in ICU patients is linked to malnutrition, impaired absorption, antibiotic use, increased turnover, and genetic factors. Observational studies show higher PIVKA-II levels in ICU patients, indicating reduced vitamin K status. Risk factors include inadequate intake, disrupted absorption, and increased physiological demands. Supplementation studies suggest vitamin K can improve status but not normalize it completely. Vitamin K deficiency may correlate with prolonged ICU stays, mechanical ventilation, and increased mortality. Factors such as genetic polymorphisms and disrupted microbiomes also contribute to deficiency, underscoring the need for individualized nutritional strategies and further research on optimal supplementation dosages and administration routes. Conclusions Addressing vitamin K deficiency in ICU patients is crucial for mitigating risks associated with critical illness, yet optimal management strategies require further investigation. Impact research To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first to address the prevalence and progression of vitamin K deficiency in critically ill patients. It guides clinicians in diagnosing and managing vitamin K deficiency in intensive care and suggests practical strategies for supplementing vitamin K in critically ill patients. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the existing literature, and serves as a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers, and policymakers in critical care medicine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin K: a potential missing link in critical illness–a scoping review

Paulus,

Drent,

Kouw

et al. 2024

Crit Care

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“…Inorganic elements are closely associated with human health. Macroelements have been reported to improve immunity (Lötscher et al, 2022), regulate blood pressure (Hornig et al, 2023), and promote bone growth (Nair et al, 2023). Trace elements promote enzyme production and ensure the normal functioning of the endocrine system (Shi et al, 2020).…”

Section: Changes In the Inorganic Elements Of Fs In Different Stagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined analysis of inorganic elements and flavonoid metabolites reveals the relationship between flower quality and maturity of Sophora japonica L.

Wang,

Tan,

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Flos Sophorae (FS), or the dried flower buds of Sophora japonica L., is widely used as a food and medicinal material in China. The quality of S. japonica flowers varies with the developmental stages (S1–S5) of the plant. However, the relationship between FS quality and maturity remains unclear. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q TRAP-MS/MS) were used to analyze inorganic elements and flavonoid metabolites, respectively. A combined analysis of the inorganic elements and flavonoid metabolites in FS was conducted to determine the patterns of FS quality formation. Sixteen inorganic elements and 173 flavonoid metabolites that accumulated at different developmental stages were identified. Notably, 54 flavonoid metabolites associated with the amelioration of major human diseases were identified, and Ca, P, K, Fe, and Cu were postulated to influence flavonoid metabolism and synthesis. This study offers a novel perspective and foundation for the further exploration of the rules governing the quality of plant materials.

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“…Surprisingly, even in the high-tech world of intensive care, the provision of adequate micronutrients is of paramount importance for bone health in survivors of critical illness. Nair et al [4] have provided a comprehensive discussion on the importance of – among others – calcium and vitamin D – in this special situation. While the major drivers of bone loss during and after critical illness, namely immobilization, disease itself and treatments of it, can hardly be changed, optimizing nutrition with regard to bone health can be implemented by interdisciplinary teams.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%