“…Like other crops, sugar beet is attacked by numerous insect pests throughout growth stages, which directly or indirectly lead to yield and quality reduction (Bassyouny, 1993;El-Dessouki et al, 2014;Evaristo, 1983;Youssef et al, 2020). Among the insect pests, cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.…”