Micronutrients in gastrointestinal cancer

Georgiannos, Stavros N; Weston, P. M. T.; Goode, A W

doi:10.1038/bjc.1993.503

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Levels of rapid turnover proteins, known to reflect nutritional index, were not dependent on body weight loss in the control group. Previously, Georgiannos et al suggested that patients who lost weight (>7.5 %) had higher plasma CRP levels and lower prealbumin levels ( P < 0.05) compared to both weight-stable cancer patients and controls [ 33 ]. In our trial, mean body weight loss was 5.4 % in the control group, and lower than 7.5 %.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental diet plus glutamine for the prevention of mucositis in esophageal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a feasibility study

Tanaka

Takahashi

Yamaguchi

et al. 2015

Support Care Cancer

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Purpose We investigated the effect of glutamine (Gln) and an elemental diet (ED) on chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in esophageal cancer patients. Methods Thirty patients were randomized to the control group (no treatment: n = 10), Gln group (oral intake of 8910 mg Gln/day: n = 10), or Gln plus ED group (total oral intake of 8862 mg Gln/day, including the Gln in ED: n = 10). Oral administration of Gln and ED began 1 week before chemotherapy and continued during treatment. Oral mucositis was evaluated during 2 cycles of chemotherapy using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0. Results The incidence of grade ≥2 oral mucositis was 60 % in the control group, 70 % in the Gln group, and 10 % in the Gln plus ED group. Gln plus ED showed a significant preventive effect on the development and severity of oral mucositis. By multivariate analysis, Gln plus ED and cancer stage were independent factors affecting chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. The percentage of change in body weight and diamine oxidase activity from before chemotherapy was higher in the Gln plus ED group than in the control group.Conclusions Oral administration of Gln plus ED may prevent chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in esophageal cancer patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental diet plus glutamine for the prevention of mucositis in esophageal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a feasibility study

Tanaka

Takahashi

Yamaguchi

et al. 2015

Support Care Cancer

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“…Causes of thiamine deficiency [116]. In literature, there are many papers describing the association between upper GI surgery and complications related to thiamine deficiency [30][31][32][33][34][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125].…”

Section: Risk Of Thiamine Deficiency In Upper Gastrointestinal (Gi) Smentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relevance of Thiamine Evaluation in a Practical Setting

Pacei

Tesone²,

Laudi

et al. 2020

Nutrients

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Thiamine is a crucial cofactor involved in the maintenance of carbohydrate metabolism and participates in multiple cellular metabolic processes. Although thiamine can be obtained from various food sources, some common food groups are deficient in thiamine, and it can be denatured by high temperature and pH. Additionally, different drugs can alter thiamine metabolism. In addition, the half-life of thiamine in the body is between 1 and 3 weeks. All these factors could provide an explanation for the relatively short period needed to develop thiamine deficiency and observe the consequent clinical symptoms. Thiamine deficiency could lead to neurological and cardiological problems. These clinical conditions could be severe or even fatal. Marginal deficiency too may promote weaker symptoms that might be overlooked. Patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal or pancreatic surgery could have or develop thiamine deficiency for many different reasons. To achieve the best outcome for these patients, we strongly recommend the execution of both an adequate preoperative nutritional assessment, which includes thiamine evaluation, and a close nutritional follow up to avoid a nutrient deficit in the postoperative period.

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“…Regarding ascorbate (vitamin C), decreased plasma levels are frequently observed in cancer patients and many studies have suggested an inverse relationship between ascorbate intake and the development of cancer [58]. However, it is worth noting that cancer patients often experience side effects from chemotherapy such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite, leading to a lower intake of dietary constituents which likely explains this deficiency [59,60]. Some studies have suggested the intracellular accumulation of ascorbate in cancer cells [30,61].…”

Section: Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox-Active Quinones and Ascorbate: An Innovative Cancer Therapy That Exploits the Vulnerability of Cancer Cells to Oxidative Stress

Verrax

Beck²,

Dejeans³

et al. 2011

ACAMC

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Cancer cells are particularly vulnerable to treatments impairing redox homeostasis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can indeed play an important role in the initiation and progression of cancer, and advanced stage tumors frequently exhibit high basal levels of ROS that stimulate cell proliferation and promote genetic instability. In addition, an inverse correlation between histological grade and antioxidant enzyme activities is frequently observed in human tumors, further supporting the existence of a redox dysregulation in cancer cells. This biochemical property can be exploited by using redox-modulating compounds, which represent an interesting approach to induce cancer cell death. Thus, we have developed a new strategy based on the use of pharmacologic concentrations of ascorbate and redox-active quinones. Ascorbate-driven quinone redox cycling leads to ROS formation and provoke an oxidative stress that preferentially kill cancer cells and spare healthy tissues. Cancer cell death occurs through necrosis and the underlying mechanism implies an energetic impairment (ATP depletion) that is likely due to glycolysis inhibition. Additional mechanisms that participate to cell death include calcium equilibrium impairment and oxidative cleavage of protein chaperone Hsp90. Given the low systemic toxicity of ascorbate and the impairment of crucial survival pathways when associated with redox-active quinones, these combinations could represent an original approach that could be combined to standard cancer therapy.

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Micronutrients in gastrointestinal cancer

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Elemental diet plus glutamine for the prevention of mucositis in esophageal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a feasibility study

Elemental diet plus glutamine for the prevention of mucositis in esophageal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a feasibility study

The Relevance of Thiamine Evaluation in a Practical Setting

Redox-Active Quinones and Ascorbate: An Innovative Cancer Therapy That Exploits the Vulnerability of Cancer Cells to Oxidative Stress

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