Microorganisms and Their Sensitivity Pattern in Septic Arthritis of North Indian Children: A Prospective Study from Tertiary Care Level Hospital

Abstract

Background. Septic arthritis is a true orthopaedic emergency. Important factors determining outcome are rapid diagnosis and timely intervention. Changing trends in microbiological spectrum and emerging drug resistance poses big challenge. Present study evaluates bacterial strains and their sensitivity pattern in septic arthritis of North Indian children. Methods. Fifty children with septic arthritis of any joint were evaluated. Joint was aspirated and 2 cc of aspirated fluid was sent for gram stain and culture. Blood cultures were also sent for bacteriological evaluation. Results. Fifty percent cases had definite radiological evidence of septic arthritis whereas ultrasound revealed fluid in 98% cases. Aspirated fluid showed isolates in 72% cases. The most common organism was Staphylococcus aureus (62%) followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Gr. B Streptococcus. Blood culture could grow the organism in 34% cases only. The bacterial strain showed significant resistance to common antibiotic cocktail in routine practice. Resistance to cloxacillin and ceftriaxone was 62% and 14% respectively. No organisms were resistant to vancomycin and linezolid. Conclusion. S. aureus is still the most common organism in septic arthritis. Though a significant resistance to common antibiotic cocktail is noticed, the strain is susceptible to higher antibiotics. We recommend using these antibiotics as an empirical therapy till culture and sensitivity report is available.

Epidemiological and clinical profiles of septic arthritis in children of 0-2 years of age in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India

“…7 Yadav et al found that fluid showed isolates in 72.0% of cases. 10 The most common organism was Staphylococcus aureus (62.0%) followed by Streptococcus pneumonia and Gr. B Streptococcus.…”

“…The common consequence was satisfactory in 70.3% of subjects with quick diagnosis and management. 10 Due to the scarcity of signs and symptoms, neonatal septic arthritis frequently goes unrecognized at the establishment with possible sources of overwhelming difficulties counting the expiry of the newborn. Staphylococcus aureus is conveyed to be the common offender of this disorder worldwide, while other organisms isolated in culture comprise Klebsiella pneumonae, group B Streptococci, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp., Kingella kingae, and Candida spp.…”

Septic Arthritis: Microbiological Etiology and Molecular Detection of the Most Resistant Etiological Agents

“…Rapid diagnosis and speedy initiation of targeted therapy are necessary to prevent devastating joint consequences and to prevent further systemic spread 13, 14 . Despite advancement in laboratory diagnostic methods and improvement in treatment options, Septic arthritis still results in notable mortality 4, 15 .…”

Septic Arthritis of the Knee in Children

“…Additionally, bacteria can be identified through staining and culture of the synovial fluid [ 20 ]. While gram-positive cocci like Staphylococcus aureus are the most common causative organisms, other pathogens can also lead to septic arthritis [ 37 ].…”