Microorganisms Profile and Antibiotics Sensitivity Patterns in the Only Medical Intensive Care Unit in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Kovačević, Peđja; Zlojutro, Biljana; Kovačević, Tijana; Barić, Goran; Dragic, Sasa; Momčičević, Danica

doi:10.1089/mdr.2018.0458

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…30 However, the present study presented that higher than study done in Bahir Dar Ethiopia 35.2%, 31 in Ethiopia (25.13%), 32 Uganda (32%) 33 and India (37%), 34 Mexico (19%), 35 Nipa (19.5%) 36 and Nepal (12.6%). 37 However, it is significantly lower in comparison to other study results from Bosnia (65.2%) 38 and India (62%) 39 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Multi-Drug Resistance Profile, Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenemase-Producing Gram Negative Bacilli Among Admitted Patients After Surgery with Suspected of Surgical Site Nosocomial Infection North East Ethiopia

Tilahun¹

2022

IDR

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Background: Antibiotic resistance is becoming a global issue, with estimated 2.8 million people in the United States developing antibiotic-resistant diseases each year. The carriage of ESBL and Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae among hospitalized patients is a threat to the future of antibiotic treatment. Objective: Multi-drug resistance profile, prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and Carbapenemase-producing Gramnegative bacilli among admitted patients after surgery with suspected surgical site nosocomial infection north east Ethiopia. Material and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2021 to February 2022. Sociodemographic and clinical data were assessed using a structured questionnaire. A total of 384 relevant clinical samples (pus, pus aspirates, and wound swabs) were collected aseptically and processed within 30 min by placing the swabs into the sterile test tubes having 0.5 mL of sterile normal saline. The samples were cultured on MacConkey agar, chocolate agar and blood agar, and species identification was done using standard biochemical tests. Disk diffusion antimicrobial sensitivity test was done on Mueller-Hinton agar. All the cefoxitin resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates were checked for the presence of AmpC beta-lactamase using four cartridges of disk diffusion tablets. ESBL output validation was conducted by the combination disk test. The production of Carbapenemase was checked using modified carbapenem inactivation method. Results: The prevalence of significant bacterial nosocomial infection among surgical site infection 343 (89.32%). S. aureus 125 (36.4%) was predominant followed by E. coli 80 (23.3%) P. aeruginosa 31 (9.03%). The overall MDR rate of isolated bacteria was 251 (73.3%). About 150 (73.9%) bacteria were suspected for ESBL production and 67 (33%) AmpC beta-lactamase and 27 (13.3%) Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacterial, respectively. Conclusions and Recommendations:The severity of ESBL-PE was critical, and the CPE was alarming. Meropenem and imipenem were the most effective antibiotics against ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Therefore, strict infection prevention and control measures are needed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

Multi-Drug Resistance Profile, Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenemase-Producing Gram Negative Bacilli Among Admitted Patients After Surgery with Suspected of Surgical Site Nosocomial Infection North East Ethiopia

Tilahun¹

2022

IDR

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“…In our study, we found that the gram-negative bacilli (GNB) infections in ICU patients are extremely high (155/163, 95%), and this may be due to the adoption of inadequate preventive measures. However, in this study, the association of GNB with ICU infection is higher than in most of the studies done around the globe in Bosnia (65.2%), India (62%), and Nigeria (50.9%) [12][13][14]. We found that the prevalence of VAP was highest 70 (43%) followed by CAUTI (39, 24%), CLABSI (25, 15%), SSI (14, 8.6%), non-SSI (7, 4.3%), BSI (5, 3%), and the lowest prevalence was for RTI (3, 1.8%).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Associated Risk Factors and Pathogen Burden among ICU Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Hail Saudi Arabia with Particular Reference to β-Lactamases Profile

Saleem¹,

Khaja²,

Hossain³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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A 1-year prospective study was carried out on patients in the ICU unit at a tertiary care hospital, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A total of 163 bacterial isolates were obtained from different clinical specimens with a high proportion of bacteria found associated with ventilator-associated pneumoniae (70, 43%), followed by catheter-associated urinary tract infection (39, 24%), central line-associated bloodstream infection (25, 15%), and surgical site infection (14, 8.6%). Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common isolate (39, 24%), followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (35, 21.47%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25, 15%), and Proteus spp (23, 14%). Among the highly prevalent bacterial isolates, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase was predominant (42, 42.4%). Proper use of antibiotics, continuous monitoring of drug sensitivity patterns, and taking all precautionary measures to prevent beta-lactamases-producing organisms in the clinical settings are crucial and significant factors to fend off life-threatening infections and for a better outcome.

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“…26 However, it was higher than other studies done in Ethiopia (25.13%), 27 Mexico (19%), 28 Nipa (19.5%) 29 and Nepal (12.6%). 30 Conversely, a high percentage of infections had been reported in Bosnia (65.2%), 31 India (62%) 32 and Nigeria (50.9%). 33 The most prevalent cultured confirmed infections in the present study were lower respiratory tract infections and wound infections which are reliable with studies from Mexico 28 and Southern India, 34 where most of the infections were lower respiratory tract infections and wound infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and Carbapenemase Producing Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections Among Patients in Intensive Care Units of Felegehiwot Referral Hospital: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

Alebel¹,

Mekonnen

Mulu

2021

IDR

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Background Owing to the specific risk profile of its residents, intensive care units (ICUs) are the best place for selection pressure and the epicenter for resistance development and dissemination. Infections with β-lactamase releasing Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) at ICUs are an emerging global threat. This study dogged the magnitude of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase releasing Gram-negative bacilli infections and associated factors among patients in the ICUs of Felegehiwot Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was done through February to June 2020. Wound swabs, urine, blood and sputum samples were collected from patients in the ICUs symptomatic for infections while excluding those under coma and shock. Bacterial species were verified using standard microbiological methods. Carbapenemase and ESBL production were identified using modified carbapenem inactivation and combined disk diffusion methods, respectively. Multivariable analysis was calculated for factors associated with ESBL production. P-value < 0.05 was taken as cut-off for statistical significance. Results Out of 270 patients in the ICU, 67 (24.8%) and 14 (5.2%) had infections with ESBL and carbapenemase releasing GNB, respectively. The most frequent ESBL producing isolates were P. aeruginosa (100%), E. cloacae (100%), K. pneumoniae (82.8%) and E. coli (64%). The predominant carbapenemase producer isolates were K. pneumoniae (27.6%) and E. cloacae (33.3%). Overall, 77 (81.1%) of species were multi-drug resistant. All GNB species were 100% resistant to tetracycline and ampicillin. They are also resistant to cefuroxime, ceftazidime, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and cefotaxime. Prior hospitalization (AOR = 5.5, CI = 2.63–11.46), support with medical care devices (AOR = 23.7, CI = 4.6–12) and arterial intravenous catheterization (AOR = 2.7, CI = 1.3–5.3) had significant association with β-lactamase producing GNB infection. Conclusion Infection with ESBL and carbapenemase producing Gram-negative bacilli linked with an alarming degree of multi-drug resistant isolates is a major healthcare threat among patients in ICUs. Hence, strict adherence to infection prevention practices and wise use of antibiotics are recommended to slow the spread of antimicrobial resistance.

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Microorganisms Profile and Antibiotics Sensitivity Patterns in the Only Medical Intensive Care Unit in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Multi-Drug Resistance Profile, Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenemase-Producing Gram Negative Bacilli Among Admitted Patients After Surgery with Suspected of Surgical Site Nosocomial Infection North East Ethiopia

Multi-Drug Resistance Profile, Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenemase-Producing Gram Negative Bacilli Among Admitted Patients After Surgery with Suspected of Surgical Site Nosocomial Infection North East Ethiopia

Associated Risk Factors and Pathogen Burden among ICU Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Hail Saudi Arabia with Particular Reference to β-Lactamases Profile

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and Carbapenemase Producing Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections Among Patients in Intensive Care Units of Felegehiwot Referral Hospital: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

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