Microplastic pollution in inshore and offshore surface waters of the southern Caspian Sea

Ahmad, Mahmood; Mehdinia, Ali; Rahnama, Reza; Dehbandi, Reza

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130896

Cited by 36 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…As with sediment samples, sampling of rivers and lakes in and near the landlocked nations revealed variable MP levels, with MP densities as high as 20,264 items/km 2 recovered from water samples of Lake Hovsgol, northern Mongolia, while the Selenga River system had a mean MP density of 120.14 ± 121.49 items/km 2 [27,28]. In terms of MP concentration, the inshore and offshore waters of the Caspian Sea near the southwestern border of Turkmenistan contained 0.000246 MP/l in comparison to 0.710 MP/l reported for the coastal waters of the Caspian Sea also in the southwest vicinity of Turkmenistan [18,29]. This implies the significant variability of MP even for samples taken from locations in proximity, probably due to factors such as human activities and water flow, which demonstrate significant spatial and temporal variations.…”

Section: Abundance Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Some of the regional studies did not specify the most abundant MP sizes or adopted a typical size range to define MP without further categorizing them into more detailed size fractions [19,27]. Nonetheless, Manbohi et al found larger MP of 500-3000 -3000 µm more predominant in their water samples from the Caspian Sea [29]. The prevailing particle sizes of MP reported for the region are in line with other studies showing that the smaller MP were often more abundant as compared to the larger ones [12,36].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The predominant colors of MP in the environmental samples of the landlocked nations varied between white, black, grey, and red, with white-colored MP observed to be most abundant in two studies [21,29]. White plastic materials are, in fact, commonly encountered, particularly as parts or the entirety of packaging, utensils, tools, and clothing.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microplastics in and Near Landlocked Countries of Central and East Asia: A Review of Occurrence and Characteristics

Tang

2023

Trop. Aqua. Soil Pollut.

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The detection of microplastics in the water and sediment samples of the landlocked countries in central and eastern Asia means the relatively less populous countries are not spared from microplastic pollution. It is crucial to understand the severity of microplastic pollution in and near those countries since there are significantly fewer regional studies on microplastic pollution conducted for those countries. This review aims to systematically present the occurrence and characteristics of microplastics in and near the landlocked countries to shed light on the severity of microplastic pollution therein. It analyzed the contents of more than 38 papers to achieve its aim. Of all the landlocked countries, Mongolia has the most studies on microplastic pollution, while there are none for Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. For dried sediment samples, the microplastic contents ranged from 862 items/kg in the Tuul River of Mongolia to 15–46 items/kg on the Iranian side of the Caspian Sea near Turkmenistan. Lake Hovsgol in Mongolia recorded a microplastic density of 20,264 items/km2, whereas the Selenga River system had a mean microplastic density of 120.14 items/km2. Microplastics concentrations in the Caspian Sea varied, with areas near the southwest of Turkmenistan having microplastics concentrations ranging from 0.000246 items/l to 0.710 items/l. The microplastics levels in the countries are comparable to those of other regions in the world, indicating the impacts of human activities on microplastic pollution. Some microplastics might also have entered the countries through long-range transport by air and water from areas of higher human activity.

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Section: Abundance Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Characteristics Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microplastics in and Near Landlocked Countries of Central and East Asia: A Review of Occurrence and Characteristics

Tang

2023

Trop. Aqua. Soil Pollut.

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“…In China, MPs have been detected in Dongting Lake, Hong Lake [ 12 ], the Three Gorges Reservoir [ 13 ], the Yangtze Estuary System [ 14 ], Haizhou Bay [ 15 ], the Urban Lake of Wuhan [ 16 ], Pearl River Estuary, the Guangzhou urban area [ 17 ], a pond and rice-crayfish co-culture water and sediments in Jianli, Hubei [ 18 ], etc. Other areas of the world include Elbe water and sediments [ 19 ], Lake Winnipeg in Canada [ 20 ], the Mediterranean [ 21 ], the Southern Ocean [ 22 ], the Pacific [ 23 , 24 ], the Persian Gulf [ 25 ], Chao Phraya [ 26 ], the Ems River [ 27 ], the Han River [ 28 ], South Georgia [ 29 ], the Baltic Sea [ 30 ], the Caspian Sea [ 31 ], Rize [ 32 ], Rawal Lake [ 33 ], the Terengganu estuary and offshore [ 34 ], etc.…”

Section: The Status Of Global Water Pollution Caused By Mpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastics as Contaminants in Water Bodies and Their Threat to the Aquatic Animals: A Mini-Review

Chen

Yue

Bao

et al. 2022

Animals

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Microplastics (MPs), which are particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm, have been extensively studied due to their serious global pollution. Typically, MPs in water originate from terrestrial input. A number of studies have reported the presence of MPs as a stressor in water environments worldwide, and their potential threat to the aquatic animals, affecting the growth, oxidative stress responses, body composition, histopathology, intestinal flora, and immune and reproduction systems. During the plastic degradation process, a large variety of toxic substances are released. MPs have been proposed to be the carriers of toxic chemicals and harmful microorganisms. A study of the literature on MP pollution and stress on the aquatic animals associated with MPs was carried out.

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“…The southern part of the Caspian Sea is of special concern because the sea surface rotation from north to south leads to accumulation of more contaminants such as microplastics in this area (Rasta, Rahimibashar et al, 2021; Saleh et al, 2018). Several studies have recently reported on microplastic pollution in different environmental matrices (Ghayebzadeh et al, 2020; Gholizadeh & Cera, 2022; Manbohi, Mehdinia, Rahnama, & Dehbandi, 2021; Manbohi, Mehdinia, Rahnama, Dehbandi, & Hamzehpour, 2021; Mataji et al, 2020) and in the digestive tract of fish (Abadi et al, 2021; Zakeri et al, 2020) from the southern coasts of the Caspian Sea. However, the occurrence of microplastic particles in the other fish tissues from the Caspian Sea has not been examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastic Pollution in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Gills of Some Teleost and Sturgeon Fish from the Caspian Sea, Northern Iran

Rasta,

Khodadoust,

Rahimibashar

et al. 2023

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The increasing microplastic (MP) pollution in the marine environment has raised global concern. The main risk of MPs in aquatic ecosystem is their bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms. While some studies reported MPs pollution in the digestive system of the Caspian Sea fish species, there is no research on sturgeon species, nor on fish gills. Here, we investigated the occurrence of MPs in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and gills of 62 specimens belonging to four species including three teleosts (Cyprinus carpio, Rutilus kutum and Chelon aurata) and one sturgeon (Acipenser persicus, a valuable endangered species) from the Caspian Sea between January and March 2022. Fish tissues were removed, exposed for 24 h to 10 % KOH and then dried on the filter papers. Particles were observed under stereomicroscope and analyzed by Raman micro‐spectrometry, SEM and EDS. A total of 91 MPs were detected in GIT (averaged 1.46 ± 1.17 items/individual) and 63 MPs in gills (averaged 1.01 ± 0.62 items/individual). There was not significant correlation between the number of MPs found in the both tissues and the fish body length, body weight, GIT weight and gill weight (P > 0.05), except between MPs isolated from gills and gill weight in C. carpio (rs = 0.707, P = 0.022). MPs abundance in the fish followed the order of A. persicus > C. aurata > R. kutum > C. carpio. MPs were found in the size range of 45−5000 µm and the particles with 300‒1000 µm in size were the most prevalent. MPs were common by fiber (74.68 %) in shape, red (30.53 %) in color and nylon (70.6 %) in polymer.

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Microplastic pollution in inshore and offshore surface waters of the southern Caspian Sea

Cited by 36 publications

References 67 publications

Microplastics in and Near Landlocked Countries of Central and East Asia: A Review of Occurrence and Characteristics

Microplastics in and Near Landlocked Countries of Central and East Asia: A Review of Occurrence and Characteristics

Microplastics as Contaminants in Water Bodies and Their Threat to the Aquatic Animals: A Mini-Review

Microplastic Pollution in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Gills of Some Teleost and Sturgeon Fish from the Caspian Sea, Northern Iran

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