Microplate-reader method for the rapid analysis of copper in natural waters with chemiluminescence detection

Abstract

We have developed a method for the determination of copper in natural waters at nanomolar levels. The use of a microplate-reader minimizes sample processing time (~25 s per sample), reagent consumption (~120 μL per sample), and sample volume (~700 μL). Copper is detected by chemiluminescence. This technique is based on the formation of a complex between copper and 1,10-phenanthroline and the subsequent emission of light during the oxidation of the complex by hydrogen peroxide. Samples are acidified to pH 1.7 and then introduced directly into a 24-well plate. Reagents are added during data acquisition via two reagent injectors. When trace metal clean protocols are employed, the reproducibility is generally less than 7% on blanks and the detection limit is 0.7 nM for seawater and 0.4 nM for freshwater. More than 100 samples per hour can be analyzed with this technique, which is simple, robust, and amenable to at-sea analysis. Seawater samples from Storm Bay in Tasmania illustrate the utility of the method for environmental science. Indeed other trace metals for which optical detection methods exist (e.g., chemiluminescence, fluorescence, and absorbance) could be adapted to the microplate-reader.

Copper Oxide and Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials Act as Inhibitors of Multidrug Resistance Transport in Sea Urchin Embryos: Their Role as Chemosensitizers

“…Samples were incubated overnight at 4 °C, and centrifuged at 14 000g for 10 min. The copper concentration in the supernatant was measured using a modified method by Durand et al 37 The method is based on the light-emitting catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by copper(II)-1,10-phenanthroline complex. Standard solutions were prepared by diluting Certified Copper Standard solution (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Luis MO) in FSW acidified to pH 1.7 with copper-free 6 N HCl.…”

Advances in the offline trace metal extraction of Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Cd, and Pb from open ocean seawater samples with determination by sector field ICP-MS analysis

“…In order to help determine the distribution of trace elements as well as their sources and sinks in the ocean, many single element techniques such as ow injection analysis using chemiluminescence, [31][32][33][34] voltammetry, 35,36 high-pressure liquid chromatography extraction with uorescence detection, 37 graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry aer liquidliquid extraction 38 or ICP-MS 39 have been used with adequate detection limits and sensitivities. 40 Despite the importance of (co)-limiting metals in phytoplankton growth, simultaneous determination of multiple dissolved trace element concentrations has not been as common.…”

Developmental effects of two different copper oxide nanomaterials in sea urchin (Lytechinus pictus) embryos

“…The filtrate was acidified to pH 1.7 with trace metal grace HCl (Fisher Scientific, Fair Lawn, NJ) 6N and stored until analysis. Total copper concentration was also determined using chemiluminescence (Durand et al, 2013;Wu et al, 2015), which has a linear response (R 2 ¼ 0.9942) from 1 to 70 ppb copper (Supplementary Material).…”