Microporous N- and O-Codoped Carbon Materials Derived from Benzoxazine for Supercapacitor Application

Abstract

Heteroatom-doped porous carbon materials are highly desired for supercapacitors. Herein, we report the preparation of such material from polybenzoxazine (PBZ), a kind of phenolic resin. Four different N- and O-codoped microporous carbon materials were obtained by changing carbonization temperature (600, 700, 800, and 900 °C). Their structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen isothermal absorption and desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and their electrochemical performances were evaluated by cyclovoltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) test in a three-electrode system. It was found that the carbon material (C-700) prepared at the carbonization temperature of 700 °C possesses the largest specific surface area (SSA), total pore volume and average pore size among the family, and thus displays the highest specific capacitance with a value of 205 F g−1 at a current density of 0.25 A g−1 and good cycling stability. The work demonstrates that the N- and O-codoped microporous carbon materials with high electrochemical performance can be derived from benzoxazine polymers and are promising for supercapacitor application.

Robust Nitrogen-Doped Microporous Carbon via Crown Ether-Functionalized Benzoxazine-Linked Porous Organic Polymers for Enhanced CO2 Adsorption and Supercapacitor Applications

“…Using 1 M KOH as the electrolyte, glassy carbon, platinum wire, and Hg/HgO served as the working electrode, counter electrode, and reference electrode, respectively. The sample was coated on the working electrode, and cyclic voltammetry (CV) was conducted at 5–200 mV s –1 for Cr-TPA-4BZ-Py-POP, poly(Cr-TPA-4BZ-Py-POP)-700, and poly(Cr-TPA-4BZ-Py-POP)-800 within the voltage range of 0 to −1.0 V. The resulting CV curves, as depicted in Figures (a,b) and S6(a), exhibit a standard rectangular shape indicative of electric double-layer capacitance (EDLC). − Notably, the redox peaks observed in all CV plots are attributed to faradaic redox currents induced by heteroatoms. Given the EDLC behavior and rectangular shape of poly(Cr-TPA-4BZ-Py-POP)-700 and poly(Cr-TPA-4BZ-Py-POP)-800 observed in the galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) curves [Figures (c) and S6(b)], GCD measurements across a range of 0.5–20 A g –1 revealed a capacitance value of 354.41 and 397.2 F g –1 at 0.5 A g –1 for poly(Cr-TPA-4BZ-Py-POP)-700 and poly(Cr-TPA-4BZ-Py-POP)-800 [Figures (d) and S6(c)].…”