Micropropagation of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz): Review

Abstract

Cassava is a vital crop to the food security of millions of people worldwide, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Because the crop produced a reasonable yield on marginal soils, it could help relieve global hunger. As a result, increasing cassava output and its quality attributes are significant. However, the low multiplication rate of this main crop has resulted in the delayed dissemination of improved varieties among farmers. As a result, tissue culture techniques may be a feasible solution for overcoming these challenges. Cassava in vitro propagation had done using either the shoots multiplication technique or somatic embryogenesis. However, the shoot multiplication approach is preferable since it retains clonal fidelity. Plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis or organogenesis entailed the use of numerous basal media containing various plant growth hormones. Several studies found that each type of cassava clone required a unique protocol to achieve optimal shoot initiation, shoot multiplication, root induction, and elongation. This review describes recent research on cassava micropropagation that makes use of a variety of experimental systems. While each of these systems focuses on a different aspect of technique, they can be significant in understanding the in vitro production of cassava planting material.

Cut, Root, and Grow: Simplifying Cassava Propagation to Scale

“…Tissue culture is an efficient method of propagating cassava plants [ 18 , 19 ] and meristem culture [ 20 ] can be combined effectively with in vitro thermotherapy [ 21 , 22 ] to eliminate pathogens and to produce healthy plantlets free from pathogens. However, because in vitro culture techniques require specific infrastructure and experienced staff, it is reserved for institutions with sufficient funding and support.…”

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz): A Systematic Review for the Pharmacological Activities, Traditional Uses, Nutritional Values, and Phytochemistry

“…It is described as a dicotyledonous plant belonging to a genus of Euphorbiaceae family called Manihot, and it is grown in areas between 30°N and 30°S from the equator, where it is distributed throughout Africa, Asia, Central and South America. [4][5][6] Given that cassava is considered a dietary staple food in many countries, including the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Brazil, and Indonesia, Nigeria is recognized as the world's largest cassava producer, producing over 60 million tonnes in 2020. 7 Moreover, cassava is among Thailand's main economic crops, which was established as the largest dried cassava, flour, and starch exporter in 2020.…”