MicroRNA‐122 promotes apoptosis of keratinocytes in oral lichen planus through suppressing VDR expression

Abstract

Oral lichen planus (OLP), a common immune-mediated disease, shows oral ulceration and persistent inflammation in patients those who experience discomfort and remarkable impairments of oral functioning and life quality. 1 Albeit OLP is regarded as an inflammatory disorder, malignant transformation rate of OLP is approximately 1.4% within 7 years. 2 Ulceration, gender and location on the tongue are key risky factors responsible for malignant transformation. 2 There are six subtypes of OLP in clinic, including atrophic, reticular,

1,25(OH)2D3 blocks IFNβ production through regulating STING in epithelial layer of oral lichen planus

“…In our previous explorations, we found that vitamin D concentration in the serum derived from OLP patients is decreased relative to that from healthy controls 16 . In addition, we provided robust evidence that vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) pathway curbs cell apoptosis and pro‐inflammatory cytokine production in oral keratinocytes under inflammatory condition via regulating miRNAs, HIF‐1α signalling and renin levels 19–24 . However, the effect of vitamin D on STING and its downstream cytokines remains an enigma.…”

“… 16 In addition, we provided robust evidence that vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) pathway curbs cell apoptosis and pro‐inflammatory cytokine production in oral keratinocytes under inflammatory condition via regulating miRNAs, HIF‐1α signalling and renin levels. 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 However, the effect of vitamin D on STING and its downstream cytokines remains an enigma. Here, our data suggest 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 , the active form of vitamin D, decreases STING expression in oral keratinocyte to inhibit IFNβ production under OLP circumstance.…”

The PI3K-Akt-mTOR and Associated Signaling Pathways as Molecular Drivers of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Update on Therapeutic Strategy Using Natural and Synthetic Compounds

“…The miRNAs mediate post-transcriptional silencing through partial complementary binding to the 3′un-translated region (UTR) of the target mRNA. Decreased expression of some miRNAs has been observed in immune-mediated inflammatory skin lesions including OLP [ 192 , 193 , 194 ] psoriasis [ 194 , 195 , 196 ], and atopic eczema [ 197 , 198 , 199 , 200 , 201 ] compared to healthy non-lesional skin. In OLP, Wang et al employed HaCaT keratinocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic the OLP immune environment and examined, under OLP-like settings, the role of miR-125b in the growth and apoptosis of keratinocytes.…”

The Functional Mechanism of MicroRNA in Oral Lichen Planus

“… 111 , 112 By decreasing VDR expression, miR-122 can improve the apoptosis of oral keratinocytes. 16 In addition, the vitamin D/VDR signaling pathway inhibits the expression of miR-802 in human oral keratinocytes that is stimulated or activated by lip-polysaccharides, thereby inhibiting the apoptosis of OLP cells by blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway. 112 Ge et al 82 found that the expression of miR-27 in OLP is accelerated by vitamin D/VDR signaling.…”

“… 15 The apoptosis of keratinocytes may be promoted by miR-122 in OLP. 16 Further, changes in the expression of miR-21 and miR-125a may lead to malignant transformation. 17 In addition, a number of miRNAs show altered expression in OLP.…”