MicroRNA as a Diagnostic Tool, Therapeutic Target and Potential Biomarker in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma Detection—Narrative Review

Poniewierska-Baran, Agata; Zadroga, Łukasz; Danilyan, Edo; Małkowska, Paulina; Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej, Paulina; Pawlik, Andrzej

doi:10.3390/ijms24065386

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…In the present study, miR-155 showed significant downregulation in melanoma tissues relative to non-cancer tissues. Considering other coding and noncoding gene panels, this could help in the molecular profiling of this type of cancer, highlighting the potential role of miR-155 as a tissue-based marker that could have insight as a diagnostic molecular marker and future therapeutic target in melanoma, as supported by Poniewierska-Baran and colleagues in their interesting review [ 67 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-155 and Disease-Related Immunohistochemical Parameters in Cutaneous Melanoma

et al. 2023

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Cutaneous melanoma is a severe and life-threatening form of skin cancer with growing incidences. While novel interventions have improved prognoses for these patients, early diagnosis of targeted treatment remains the most effective approach. MicroRNAs have grown to good use as potential biomarkers for early detection and as targets for treatment. miR-155 is well-studied for its role in tumor cell survival and proliferation in various tissues, although its role in melanoma remains controversial. In silico data analysis was performed in the dbDEMC v.3 to identify differentially expressed miRNA. We validated gene targets in melanoma using TarBase v8.0 and miRPath v3.0 and determined protein-protein interactions of the target genes. One hundred forty patients (age range 21–90 years) with cutaneous melanoma who underwent resection were included. Molecular assessment using Real-Time RT-qPCR, clinicopathological associations, and a literature review for the different roles of miR-155 in melanoma were performed. Analysis of the dbDEMC reveals controversial findings. While there is evidence of upregulation of miR-155 in primary and metastatic melanoma samples, others suggest decreased expression in later-stage melanoma and cases with brain metastasis. miR-155 has been overexpressed in prior cases of melanoma and precancerous lesions, and it was found to be dysregulated when compared to benign nevi. While miR-155 expression was associated with favorable outcomes in some studies, others showed an association with metastasis. Patients with high levels of miR-155 also noted reduction after receiving anti-PD-1 treatment, correlated with more prolonged overall survival. In our patient’s cohort, 22.9% relapsed during treatment, and 45% developed recurrence, associated with factors such as lymph node infiltration, high mitotic index, and positive staining for CD117. Although overall analysis revealed miR-155 downregulation in melanoma specimens compared to non-cancer tissues, increased expression of miR-155 was associated with cases of superficial spreading melanoma subtype (p = 0.005) and any melanoma with a high mitotic rate (p = 0.010). The analysis did not identify optimum cutoff values to predict relapse, recurrence, or mortality. In conclusion, miR-155 could have, in part, a potential prognostic utility in cutaneous melanoma. Further mechanistic studies are required to unravel the multifunctional role of miR-155 in melanoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-155 and Disease-Related Immunohistochemical Parameters in Cutaneous Melanoma

et al. 2023

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“…MicroRNAs (miRNAs), characterized as small non-coding RNA molecules, play a pivotal role in cellular processes by regulating gene expression and contributing significantly to the modulation of the immune system. In the context of autoinflammatory diseases, the early stages often exhibit distinctive and aberrant miRNA expression patterns, presenting a promising avenue for potential biomarkers (Poniewierska-Baran et al, 2023). The dysregulation of miRNAs not only reflects the complex interplay within inflammatory OPEN ACCESS EDITED BY pathways but also provides valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of these diseases (Das and Rao, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosensing circulating MicroRNAs in autoinflammatory skin diseases: Focus on Hidradenitis suppurativa

Moltrasio,

Silva,

Tricarico

et al. 2024

Front. Genet.

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the early diagnosis of autoinflammatory diseases, with Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) being a notable example. HS, an autoinflammatory skin disease affecting the pilosebaceous unit, profoundly impacts patients’ quality of life. Its hidden nature, with insidious initial symptoms and patient reluctance to seek medical consultation, often leads to a diagnostic delay of up to 7 years. Recognizing the urgency for early diagnostic tools, recent research identified significant differences in circulating miRNA expression, including miR-24-1-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR26a-5p, miR-206, miR338-3p, and miR-338-5p, between HS patients and healthy controls. These miRNAs serve as potential biomarkers for earlier disease detection. Traditional molecular biology techniques, like reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), are employed for their detection using specific primers and probes. Alternatively, short peptides offer a versatile and effective means for capturing miRNAs, providing specificity, ease of synthesis, stability, and multiplexing potential. In this context, we present a computational simulation pipeline designed for crafting peptide sequences that can capture circulating miRNAs in the blood of patients with autoinflammatory skin diseases, including HS. This innovative approach aims to expedite early diagnosis and enhance therapeutic follow-up, addressing the critical need for timely intervention in HS and similar conditions.

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“…NMSCs consist of Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), and Bowen’s disease. Both NMSC and MM show a concerning increase in incidence rates [ 1 , 2 ]. In addition to various factors, such as family or personal history, a weakened immune system, and pale skin color, the prevalence of this disease also depends on environmental factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geospatial Patterns of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer in Relation to Climate Changes in Iran

Aryan Kya

2024

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Objective:The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of climate change factors on the incidence of skin cancer in Iran. Methods: The statistical population for this study comprises skin cancer patients in Iran. All other data used in this research were extracted from Remote Sensing imagery, including Ultraviolet ray, Relative humidity, Cloud cover, incoming short-wave flux, elevation, and total hours of sunshine. Initially, spatial autocorrelation analysis and cluster patterns were calculated using General G and Moran's I indices. Subsequently, a Geographically Weighted Regression Model was used to establish a regression relationship between the climate change data and the detection and forecasting rate of skin cancer. Finally, the model's accuracy was evaluated by estimating the detection coefficient between the reality map and the forecasting map. Results: The study found that UV radiation and relative humidity exhibit the highest positive and negative correlation, respectively, with the skin cancer rate in Iran. Geostatistical analysis revealed a clustered spatial distribution of skin cancer rates, and the proposed GWR model demonstrated high accuracy in predicting the skin cancer rate. The results indicate the highest positive correlation (+0.51) for UV ray and the most negative correlation (-0.43) for relative humidity. The Geostatistical analysis reveals spatial autocorrelation, cluster patterns, and non-randomness of the data. Conclusion: The detection rate of skin cancer increases from north to south and from west to east.

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MicroRNA as a Diagnostic Tool, Therapeutic Target and Potential Biomarker in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma Detection—Narrative Review

Cited by 12 publications

References 140 publications

MicroRNA-155 and Disease-Related Immunohistochemical Parameters in Cutaneous Melanoma

MicroRNA-155 and Disease-Related Immunohistochemical Parameters in Cutaneous Melanoma

Biosensing circulating MicroRNAs in autoinflammatory skin diseases: Focus on Hidradenitis suppurativa

Geospatial Patterns of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer in Relation to Climate Changes in Iran

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