MicroRNA as Biomarkers for Platelet Function and Maturity in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are at increased risk of suffering myocardial infarction. Platelets are key players in thrombus formation and, therefore, antiplatelet therapy is crucial in the treatment and prevention of CVD. MicroRNAs (miRs) may hold the potential as biomarkers for platelet function and maturity. This systematic review was conducted using the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). To identify studies investigating the association between miRs and platelet function and maturity in patients with CVD, PubMed and Embase were searched on October 13 and December 13, 2020 without time boundaries. Risk of bias was evaluated using a standardized quality assessment tool. Of the 16 included studies, 6 studies were rated “good” and 10 studies were rated “fair.” In total, 45 miRs correlated significantly with platelet function or maturity (rho ranging from –0.68 to 0.38, all p < 0.05) or differed significantly between patients with high platelet reactivity and patients with low platelet reactivity (p-values ranging from 0.0001 to 0.05). Only four miRs were investigated in more than two studies, namely miR-223, miR-126, miR-21 and miR-150. Only one study reported on the association between miRs and platelet maturity. In conclusion, a total of 45 miRs were associated with platelet function or maturity in patients with CVD, with miR-223 and miR-126 being the most frequently investigated. However, the majority of the miRs were only investigated in one study. More data are needed on the potential use of miRs as biomarkers for platelet function and maturity in CVD patients.

Susceptibility Modules and Genes in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy by WGCNA and ceRNA Network Analysis

“…Mature miRNAs are directed to the 3 end of the target mRNA by base pairing, resulting in instability and translation inhibition of mRNA (Saliminejad et al, 2019). MiRNAs have been found to be involved in signaling pathways related to cancer, myocardial ischemia and diabetic cardiomyopathy (Li et al, 2020;Farooqi et al, 2021;Pedersen et al, 2021). Notably, Song et al (2014) found 13 kinds of miRNAs related to HCM, among which miR-10a, miR-30c and miR-373 have also been corroborated by other previous studies.…”

Circulating microRNAs in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis

“…Recently, novel therapeutic strategies in atherosclerosis have been emerging, mainly addressing inflammatory targets such as Interleukin (IL) 1β ( 2 ). Moreover, distinct microRNAs (miRs) have been identified as effectors of functional relevance in atherosclerosis ( 3 , 4 ) and platelet activation ( 5 , 6 ). miRs are short non-coding ribonucleic acids that are of interest in various settings of not only novel diagnostic but also therapeutic approaches ( 7 , 8 ).…”

Factors Associated with Platelet Activation-Recent Pharmaceutical Approaches

“…Patients with high on-treatment platelet reactivity under dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) were characterized by decreased miR-223 and miR-126, with increased miR-50 [ 120 ]. In a systematic review conducted by Pedersen et al concerning the role of miRs in platelet function, miR-223 levels were inversely correlated with platelet reactivity in most studies of patients with an acute coronary syndrome [ 121 ]. Conflicting results were reported for miR-126, which was positively correlated in most studies, however [ 121 ].…”

“…In a systematic review conducted by Pedersen et al concerning the role of miRs in platelet function, miR-223 levels were inversely correlated with platelet reactivity in most studies of patients with an acute coronary syndrome [ 121 ]. Conflicting results were reported for miR-126, which was positively correlated in most studies, however [ 121 ]. Findings concerning miR-150 were suggestive of a poor association between this miR and platelet function [ 121 ].…”