MicroRNA dysregulation in uveal melanoma: a new player enters the game

Li, Zheng; Yu, Xuezhong; Shen, Jianxiong; Jiang, Yang

doi:10.18632/oncotarget.2923

Cited by 80 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Several studies have performed microRNA (miRNA) expression screenings in UM (for a recent review, see [233]). miRNA expression is associated with chromosome 3 status, gene expression profiling classes and prognosis [234].…”

Section: Genetics Of Uveal Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…miRNA expression is associated with chromosome 3 status, gene expression profiling classes and prognosis [234]. Functional studies have been performed for selected miRNAs identified in cell lines or very limited sample collections of UM [233]. There is no conclusive evidence for a functional role of miRNA dysregulation in UM due to the lack of large-scale analyses.…”

Section: Genetics Of Uveal Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The biology of uveal melanoma

Amaro

Gangemi

Piaggio

et al. 2017

Cancer Metastasis Rev

193

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Uveal melanoma (UM), a rare cancer of the eye, is distinct from cutaneous melanoma by its etiology, the mutation frequency and profile, and its clinical behavior including resistance to targeted therapy and immune checkpoint blockers. Primary disease is efficiently controlled by surgery or radiation therapy, but about half of UMs develop distant metastasis mostly to the liver. Survival of patients with metastasis is below 1 year and has not improved in decades. Recent years have brought a deep understanding of UM biology characterized by initiating mutations in the G proteins GNAQ and GNA11. Cytogenetic alterations, in particular monosomy of chromosome 3 and amplification of the long arm of chromosome 8, and mutation of the BRCA1-associated protein 1, BAP1, a tumor suppressor gene, or the splicing factor SF3B1 determine UM metastasis. Cytogenetic and molecular profiling allow for a very precise prognostication that is still not matched by efficacious adjuvant therapies. G protein signaling has been shown to activate the YAP/TAZ pathway independent of HIPPO, and conventional signaling via the mitogen-activated kinase pathway probably also contributes to UM development and progression. Several lines of evidence indicate that inflammation and macrophages play a pro-tumor role in UM and in its hepatic metastases. UM cells benefit from the immune privilege in the eye and may adopt several mechanisms involved in this privilege for tumor escape that act even after leaving the niche. Here, we review the current knowledge of the biology of UM and discuss recent approaches to UM treatment.

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Section: Genetics Of Uveal Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genetics Of Uveal Melanomamentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of uveal melanoma

Amaro

Gangemi

Piaggio

et al. 2017

Cancer Metastasis Rev

193

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3 MicroRNAs (miRNAs), approximately »22 nucleotides in length, regulate gene expression via translational repression or degradation of mRNA targets. 4 As oncogenes or tumor suppressors, miRNAs play important roles in various types of cancers, such as lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and gastric cancer. 5,6 Recent evidence has implicated miRNAs to participate in the radiosensitivity of various types of cancer cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MiR-320a effectively suppresses lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating STAT3 signals

et al. 2017

Cancer Biology & Therapy

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MicroRNAs play important roles in tumorigenesis of various types of cancers. MiR-320a can inhibits cell proliferation of some cancers, but the biologic roles of miR-320a in lung cancer need to be further studied. Here, we investigated the roles of miR-320a in suppressing the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells. MiR-320a treatment was found to effectively suppress LTEP-a-2 and A549 cell proliferation, and induce more apoptotic cells with irradiation treatment compared with control treatment. Our results also showed that miR-320a, as a novel miRNA, directly regulated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and its signals, such as Bcl ¡ 2, Bax, and Caspase 3. The siRNA-inhibited STAT3 levels further proved its roles in regulating STAT3 signals. Moreover, miR-320a treatment effectively suppressed cancer cell growth in mice xenografts compared with controls, and significantly inhibited cell migration in vitro and in vivo. Our findings collectively demonstrated that miR-320a, by directly regulating STAT3 signals, not only suppressed cell proliferation and metastasis, but also enhanced irradiation-induced apoptosis of adenocarcinomia cells.Abbreviations: GFP, green fluorescent protein; HE, hematoxylin-eosin staining; miRNAs, microRNAs; MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; NSCLC, Non-small cell lung cancer; STAT3, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3

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“…An accumulating number of studies have reported that miRNA expression levels are dysregulated in a variety of human cancer types (15)(16)(17). miRNAs play key functions in the initiation and progression of tumors by serving as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, primarily depending on the roles of their target genes (18)(19)(20). Therefore, miRNAs may be therapeutic targets for novel treatment strategies against RCC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA‑138 suppresses cell proliferation and invasion of renal cell carcinoma by directly targeting SOX9

Wang

Jin

2017

Oncol Lett

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Abstract. An accumulating number of studies have reported that the expression levels of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are dysregulated in a variety of human cancer types, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). miRNAs play essential functions in tumorigenesis and the progression of tumors by serving as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Recently, the expression and functions of miR-138 have been studied in a number of human cancer types; however, its role in RCC remains poorly understood. In the present study, the results revealed that miR-138 was significantly downregulated in RCC cell lines and tissues, and that low expression levels of miR-138 were correlated with histological grade, tumor stage and lymph node metastasis. In functional studies, restoration of miR-138 expression inhibited cell proliferation and invasion of ACHN and A498 cells. In addition, SOX9 was validated as a direct target gene of miR-138 in RCC. SOX9 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and invasion of RCC, with a similar effect to that induced by miR-138, rendering SOX9 a functional target of miR-138 in the disease. These findings indicate that miR-138 may present a novel target for therapeutic strategies in RCC.

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MicroRNA dysregulation in uveal melanoma: a new player enters the game

Cited by 80 publications

References 64 publications

The biology of uveal melanoma

The biology of uveal melanoma

MiR-320a effectively suppresses lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating STAT3 signals

MicroRNA‑138 suppresses cell proliferation and invasion of renal cell carcinoma by directly targeting SOX9

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