MicroRNA panel in serum reveals novel diagnostic biomarkers for prostate cancer

Abstract

Purpose MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which could be stably preserved and detected in serum or plasma, could act as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis. Prostate cancer is the second cancer in males for incidence. This study aimed to establish a miRNA panel in peripheral serum which could act as a non-invasive biomarker helping diagnosing PC. Methods A total of 86 PC patients and 86 normal control serum samples were analyzed through a four-stage experimental process using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Logistic regression method was used to construct a diagnostic model based on the differentially expressed miRNAs in serum. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy. We also compared the 3-miRNA panel with previously reported biomarkers and verified in four public datasets. In addition, the expression characteristics of the identified miRNAs were further explored in tissue and serum exosomes samples. Results We identified a 3-miRNA signature including up-regulated miR-146a-5p, miR-24-3p and miR-93-5p for PC detection. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the 3-miRNA panel for the training, testing and external validation phase were 0.819, 0.831 and 0.814, respectively. The identified signature has a very stable diagnostic performance in the large cohorts of four public datasets. Compared with previously identified miRNA biomarkers, the 3-miRNA signature in this study has superior performance in diagnosing PC. What’s more, the expression level of miR-93-5p was also elevated in exosomes from PC samples. However, in PC tissues, none of the three miRNAs showed significantly dysregulated expression. Conclusions We established a three-miRNA panel (miR-146a-5p, miR-24-3p and miR-93-5p) in peripheral serum which could act as a non-invasive biomarker helping diagnosing PC.

Systematic Analysis of Tissue‐Derived and Biofluid Extracellular Vesicle miRNAs Associated with Prostate Cancer

“…Table 1A represents the data from our EV literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. In our corpus of 31 articles, [ 9–13,17–42 ] miR‐21‐5p, miR‐141‐3p, and miR‐375‐3p were among the most represented (Table 1A). We cross‐referenced these data with Table 1B, which lists the dysregulated miRNA from our DESeq2 analysis (Figure 2).…”

A systematic review of miRNAs as biomarkers for chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients reveals potentially clinically informative panels as well as key challenges in miRNA research

“…Therefore, it is considered essential to apply a panel of several miRNAs linked to a condition of interest so that a profile of expression changes is generated, rather than relying on a single miRNA [ 151 , 152 ]. Such panels have been developed previously for cardiovascular conditions such as myocardial infarction [ 153 ], dilated cardiomyopathy [ 151 ] and have been applied for prognostic and diagnostic purposes in other conditions including breast cancer [ 154 ], prostate cancer [ 155 ] and non-small cell lung cancer [ 156 ]. The nature of the chemotherapy agent appears to play a significant role in the expression of miRNAs as different agents elicited responses in different markers.…”

Expression of miR-24-1-5p in Tumor Tissue Influences Prostate Cancer Recurrence: The PROCA-life Study

“…A few studies have evaluated the other mature sequence of miR-24, miR-24-3p, which has been suggested as a diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer in serum [ 48 , 49 ]. The circRNA protein kinase C-iota has been suggested to influence tumor development, and a study found this molecule triggers growth and metastasis in prostate cancer by downregulation of miR-24-3p [ 50 ].…”