MicroRNAs as Predictors of Lung-Cancer Resistance and Sensitivity to Cisplatin

Abstract

Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy, cisplatin (DDP) specifically, is the main strategy for treating lung cancer (LC). However, currently, there is a lack of predictive drug-resistance markers, and there is increased interest in the development of a reliable and sensitive panels of markers for DDP chemotherapy-effectiveness prediction. MicroRNAs represent a perspective pool of markers for chemotherapy effectiveness. Objectives: Data on miRNAs associated with LC DDP chemotherapy response are summarized and analyzed. Materials and methods: A comprehensive review of the data in the literature and an analysis of bioinformatics resources were performed. The gene targets of miRNAs, as well as their reciprocal relationships with miRNAs, were studied using several databases. Results and Discussion: The complex analysis of bioinformatics resources and the literature indicated that the expressions of 12 miRNAs have a high predictive potential for LC DDP chemotherapy responses. The obtained information was discussed from the point of view of the main mechanisms of LC chemoresistance. Conclusions: An overview of the published data and bioinformatics resources, with respect to the predictive microRNA markers of chemotherapy response, is presented in this review. The selected microRNAs and gene panel have a high potential for predicting LC DDP sensitiveness or DDP resistance as well as for the development of a DDP co-therapy.

Diagnostic value of circulating miRNA in the benign and malignant lung nodules: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Increasing evidence suggests that miRNAs play a vital role in tumor development and metastasis by suppressing downstream gene expression. [19,20] Studies have detected changes in miRNA levels in the tissues, organs, secretions, and peripheral blood of patients with lung tumors. A ten-year cohort study revealed high expression of serum miRNAs during lung cancer progression.…”

Combination of multiple omics techniques for a personalized therapy or treatment selection

“…MiRNA are short 20-22 nucleotide RNA sequences that upon binding to complementary regions (seeds) on target mRNA molecules affect their transcription leading in the majority of cases to its inhibition by inducing RNA degradation or inhibiting its translation. Sequencing of patients derived material highlighted multiple miRNA, which could serve as prognostic markers and/or predict treatment response, for example to radiotherapy (RT) and/or tamoxifen in BC patients ( 37 ), to RT in prostate cancer ( 38 ) and to cisplatin in lung cancer ( 39 ).…”

Integrated analysis reveals critical cisplatin-resistance regulators E2F7 contributed to tumor progression and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma

“…Used often in conjunction with drugs like paclitaxel and gemcitabine, as well as radiotherapy, cisplatin faces the signi cant hurdle of drug resistance, which undermines its effectiveness [8]. The exploration of cisplatin chemoresistance mechanisms and the search for molecular markers for early diagnosis, survival prediction, and relapse monitoring in LUAD are thus of paramount importance [9,10]. In this context, bioinformatics emerges as a crucial tool in unraveling the molecular intricacies of LUAD progression and identifying potential therapeutic targets.…”