MicroRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease

Wang, Mengli; Qin, Lixia; Tang, Beisha

doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00153

Cited by 263 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The miRNAs could change the inflammatory responses via the regulation of gene expression by post-transcriptional modifications that cause degradation and inhibition of the translation of the molecular target [18,19,24]. Recent studies have shown that mature miRNAs could be potential biomarkers for diagnosis in many human diseases such as cancers, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease [25][26][27][28]. In a study of IPF, the changes of miRNAs were demonstrated in the analysis of miRNA arrays containing probes for 450 miRNAs with isolated RNA from the lungs from patients with IPF or the control [29].…”

Section: The Role Of Mirna In Ipfmentioning

confidence: 99%

DROSHA-Dependent miRNA and AIM2 Inflammasome Activation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Cho

Lee

Stout‐Delgado

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease. Chronic lung inflammation is linked to the pathogenesis of IPF. DROSHA, a class 2 ribonuclease III enzyme, has an important role in the biogenesis of microRNA (miRNA). The function of miRNAs has been identified in the regulation of the target gene or protein related to inflammatory responses via degradation of mRNA or inhibition of translation. The absent-in-melanoma-2 (AIM2) inflammasome is critical for inflammatory responses against cytosolic double stranded DNA (dsDNA) from pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and self-DNA from danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). The AIM2 inflammasome senses double strand DNA (dsDNA) and interacts with the adaptor apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), which recruits pro-caspase-1 and regulates the maturation and secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. A recent study showed that inflammasome activation contributes to lung inflammation and fibrogenesis during IPF. In the current review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the DROSHA–miRNA–AIM2 inflammasome axis in the pathogenesis of IPF.

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Section: The Role Of Mirna In Ipfmentioning

confidence: 99%

DROSHA-Dependent miRNA and AIM2 Inflammasome Activation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Cho

Lee

Stout‐Delgado

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…MicroRNAs, particularly circulating microRNAs, have been found to be highly stable with long half-lives under a controlled environment [47,48]. Accumulating evidence from studies across broad biomedical disciplines suggests the involvement of microRNAs, and their potential applications as diagnostic as well as prognostic biomarkers in various human diseases including cancer [49][50][51], neurodegenerative diseases [52][53][54][55], fertility disorders [56,57], and metabolic disorders [58,59]. For several years, our research effort has been devoted to discovering potential applications of microRNAs in disease diagnosis, as well as elucidating the role of dysregulated microRNAs in cardiovascular pathogenesis [60][61][62][63][64].…”

Section: Micrornas the Small Nucleotides That May Play Big Roles In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) and Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF): The Diagnostic Value of Circulating MicroRNAs

Chen

Wong

Liew

et al. 2019

Cells

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Circulating microRNAs offer attractive potential as epigenetic disease biomarkers by virtue of their biological stability and ready accessibility in liquid biopsies. Numerous clinical cohort studies have revealed unique microRNA profiles in different disease settings, suggesting utility as markers with diagnostic and prognostic applications. Given the complex network of microRNA functions in modulating gene expression and post-transcriptional modifications, the circulating microRNA landscape in disease may reflect pathophysiological status, providing valuable information for delineating distinct subtypes and/or stages of complex diseases. Heart failure (HF) is an increasingly significant global health challenge, imposing major economic liability and health care burden due to high hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality rates. Although HF is defined as a syndrome characterized by symptoms and findings on physical examination, it may be further differentiated based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and categorized as HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The presenting clinical syndromes in HFpEF and HFrEF are similar but mortality differs, being somewhat lower in HFpEF than in HFrEF. However, while HFrEF is responsive to an array of therapies, none has been shown to improve survival in HFpEF. Herein, we review recent HF cohort studies focusing on the distinct microRNA profiles associated with HF subtypes to reveal new insights to underlying mechanisms and explore the possibility of exploiting these differences for diagnostic/prognostic applications.

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“…Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of two neuropathological features, namely the senile plaques, consisting of β-Amyloid peptides (Aβ), and the Neurofibrillary Tangles (NFTs), that contain highly phosphorylated microtubule-associated protein Tau [102]. The etiology and the molecular mechanisms driving AD pathogenesis are still poorly known (excess Aβ production or inefficient Aβ clearance and formation of NFT) [103]. Several studies support the hypothesis where the accumulation of Aβ leads to the generation of toxic aggregates, which results in neuronal dysfunction and, ultimately, cell death [102].…”

Section: Mirna: a Factor In Multifactorial Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several miRNAs have been described to be involved at different stages of AD development, from the regulation of the Aβ or Tau protein production to their clearance. MiR-106a/520c, miR-20, miR-101, miR-16, and miR-153 can bind the 3 UTR of Amyloid Precursor Proteins (APPs), resulting in their lower expression, both in vitro and in vivo [103]. Alternatively, miR-29-a/b-1 and miR-29c were found to regulate Beta-Secretase Enzyme 1 (BACE1), the protease responsible for APP digestion [104].…”

Section: Mirna: a Factor In Multifactorial Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNAs as Influencers of Cell–Cell Communication in Tumor Microenvironment

Conti

Varano

Simioni

et al. 2020

Cells

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microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level, inducing the degradation of the target mRNA or translational repression. MiRNAs are involved in the control of a multiplicity of biological processes, and their absence or altered expression has been associated with a variety of human diseases, including cancer. Recently, extracellular miRNAs (ECmiRNAs) have been described as mediators of intercellular communication in multiple contexts, including tumor microenvironment. Cancer cells cooperate with stromal cells and elements of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to establish a comfortable niche to grow, to evade the immune system, and to expand. Within the tumor microenvironment, cells release ECmiRNAs and other factors in order to influence and hijack the physiological processes of surrounding cells, fostering tumor progression. Here, we discuss the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of multicomplex diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, obesity, and cancer, focusing on the contribution of both intracellular miRNAs, and of released ECmiRNAs in the establishment and development of cancer niche. We also review growing evidence suggesting the use of miRNAs as novel targets or potential tools for therapeutic applications.

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MicroRNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 263 publications

References 91 publications

DROSHA-Dependent miRNA and AIM2 Inflammasome Activation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

DROSHA-Dependent miRNA and AIM2 Inflammasome Activation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) and Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF): The Diagnostic Value of Circulating MicroRNAs

miRNAs as Influencers of Cell–Cell Communication in Tumor Microenvironment

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