MicroRNAs link chronic inflammation in childhood to growth impairment and insulin-resistance

Cirillo, Francesca; Lazzeroni, Pietro; Catellani, Cecilia; Sartori, Chiara; Amarri, Sergio; Street, Maria Elisabeth

doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2017.12.004

Cited by 26 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 215 publications

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“…Finally, microRNAs were shown to be a regulatory network of upmost importance for all metabolic pathways and biological processes including growth [70]. MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and are well known to show changes in the presence of inflammation and in cancer [71].…”

Section: Pathogenetic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Human Fetal Growth

Street

Bernasconi

2020

IJMS

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113

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Fetal growth is regulated by a complex interaction of maternal, placental, and fetal factors. The effects and outcomes that chemicals, widely distributed in the environment, may have on the health status of both the mother and the fetus are not yet well defined. Mainly mixtures of chemical substances are found in the mothers and placenta. Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can be associated with fetal growth retardation, thyroid dysfunction, and neurological disorders. EDCs mostly interfere with insulin, glucocorticoid, estrogenic, and thyroid pathways, with subsequent effects on normal endocrine and metabolic functions, which cause changes in the epigenome and state of inflammation with life-long effects and consequences. International scientific societies recommend the implementation of research and of all possible preventive measures. This review briefly summarizes all these aspects.

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Section: Pathogenetic Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Human Fetal Growth

Street

Bernasconi

2020

IJMS

Self Cite

113

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“…They consist in endogenous small single stranded non-coding RNAs, ∼22 nucleotides long, which act as post transcriptional regulators. A single miRNA can act on several hundreds of target mRNAs and each mRNA can be the target of many miRNAs (21,22). Upon biosynthesis, they can be released into the extracellular space and appear remarkably stable in various bodily fluid such as FF, which reflects the secretory and metabolic activities of oocytes and follicle niche (23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MiRNAs Regulating Insulin Sensitivity Are Dysregulated in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Ovaries and Are Associated With Markers of Inflammation and Insulin Sensitivity

et al. 2019

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Objective: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are gene expression regulators. Altered miRNA levels are associated with diabetes, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Insulin resistance and inflammation are both features of Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this study was first to assess differences in selected miRNAs (miR-146a, miR-155, miR-320, miR-370, miR-486), involved in insulin sensitivity regulation and inflammation, in women with or without PCOS. Second, to investigate relationships among these miRNAs, insulin, High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and IL-6 in follicular fluid (FF), serum 17-beta estradiol (E2), and the number of dominant follicles.Methods: Thirty PCOS and thirty-six non-PCOS women undergoing in vitro fertilization were enrolled. RNA from granulosa cells (GC) and FF was extracted and the specific miRNAs were evaluated using qRT-PCR. HMGB1, insulin, and IL-6 in FF, and serum E2 were assayed using specific kits.Results: MiR-146a, miR-155, miR-486 were upregulated and miR-320 and miR-370 were downregulated in GC from the PCOS patients. In FF, miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-486 showed lower levels in PCOS, whereas miR-320 and miR-370 showed an opposite trend but no significant changes were observed. These miRNAs showed relationships with Body Mass Index (BMI), age, E2, number of dominant follicles, insulin, and HMGB1. Conclusion:In conclusion, the miRNAs analyzed showed changes in PCOS ovaries and had relationships with indices of inflammation and insulin sensitivity within the ovary, providing evidence for new regulatory mechanisms.

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“…MiRNA expression differs depending on the different tissues or organs. Changes in miRNA levels may contribute to explaining some of the variability among phenotypes and can underlie pathological conditions [8,9]. In the light of this, therapeutic strategies have been investigated to reinstate physiological miRNA levels.…”

Section: Mirnas Biogenesis and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent publication, our group highlighted the links between miRNAs and IGF-I secretion and signaling in chronic inflammation with growth impairment in humans. Bioinformatic analysis regarding miRNAs altered in these conditions revealed a complex network in which miRNAs clearly played a key role in the control of the GHR and IGF-I interactomes [9].…”

Section: Mirnas Regulating the Hypothalamus-pituitary And Gh/igf-i Axesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of MicroRNAs in Influencing Body Growth and Development

et al. 2020

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Body growth and development are regulated among others by genetic and epigenetic factors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are epigenetic regulators of gene expression that act at the post-transcriptional level, thereby exerting a strong influence on regulatory gene networks. Increasing studies suggest the importance of miRNAs in the regulation of the growth plate and growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis during the life course in a broad spectrum of animal species, contributing to longitudinal growth. This review summarizes the role of miRNAs in regulating growth in different in vitro and in vivo models acting on GH, GH receptor (GHR), IGFs, and IGF1R genes besides current knowledge in humans, and highlights that this regulatory system is of importance for growth.

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MicroRNAs link chronic inflammation in childhood to growth impairment and insulin-resistance

Cited by 26 publications

References 215 publications

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Human Fetal Growth

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Human Fetal Growth

MiRNAs Regulating Insulin Sensitivity Are Dysregulated in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Ovaries and Are Associated With Markers of Inflammation and Insulin Sensitivity

The Role of MicroRNAs in Influencing Body Growth and Development

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