Microsatellite markers show decreasing diversity but unchanged level of clonality in<i>Dryas octopetala</i>(Rosaceae) with increasing latitude

Vik, Unni; Jørgensen, Marte Holten; Kauserud, Håvard; Nordal, Inger; Brysting, Anne K.

doi:10.3732/ajb.0900215

Cited by 16 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…We assessed the relationships between intrapopulation genetic diversity parameters, namely SSR‐based gene diversity ( H E ), SSR‐based allelic richness ( A R ), AFLP‐based genetic diversity, nucleotide diversity (π) of the cpDNA and LEAFY sequences and the SSR‐based inbreeding coefficient ( F ), and latitude using linear and quadratic regression models in which latitude was an explanatory variable (Guo, ; see Figure for details). In the analysis of SSR‐based gene diversity, we used data of 13 populations from Svalbard and Norway (from Vik et al., ), in addition to the original 18 populations, for which joint estimates based on eight SSRs (D3, D5, D8, D11, D13, D14, D17 and D21) were available.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Skrede, Eidesen, Portela, and Brochmann () conducted a phylogeographical survey of D. octopetala across the Northern Hemisphere (42.1°N–79.9°N) and reported that in extant populations genetic diversity was higher in northern than in southern populations. In contrast, Vik, Jørgensen, Kauserud, Nordal, & Brysting () found that within‐population genetic diversity of D. octopetala decreases with increasing latitude in high‐latitude regions around the North Atlantic (59.0°N–79.9°N). One interpretation of these contradictory results is that at global scale intraspecific genetic diversity in this arctic–alpine species decreases towards the equator, whereas at regional scale, that is, around the northern margins of its range, diversity decreases polewards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Genetic diversity within populations of an arctic–alpine species declines with decreasing latitude across the Northern Hemisphere

Hirao

Watanabe

Tsuyuzaki

et al. 2017

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim We identified and evaluated general latitudinal trends in genetic diversity within populations of a widespread arctic–alpine plant, Dryas octopetala, to examine the applicability to this species of the dominant hypothesis that intraspecific genetic diversity is highest in the tropics and declines towards the poles. Location The circumpolar Arctic and northern temperate alpine ranges, with a focus on high altitude mountains at the species lowest latitudinal margin in the Japanese archipelago. Methods Within‐population genetic diversity was assessed using genotypes determined at nine microsatellite loci (n = 489), chloroplast DNA sequences (atpB‐rbcL and trnV‐ndhC spacers, n = 181) and a nuclear gene sequence (LEAFY, n = 173) of 18 populations, as well as a previously published amplified fragment length polymorphism dataset for 26 populations, across the distributional range of the species. The latitudinal pattern of intra‐population genetic diversity was modelled at hemispheric scale to discriminate linear latitudinal and quadratic central–marginal trends in genetic diversity. Population genetic structure was assessed by Bayesian clustering analyses. Results At hemispheric scale, we identified two interacting effects: a general latitudinal decline in genetic diversity towards the equator and a central–marginal effect, whereby genetic diversity decreases towards the margins of a species’ range. This decrease was more marked in low‐latitude marginal populations than in high‐latitude marginal populations. Populations at the lowest latitudes in the Japanese archipelago showed the lowest level of genetic diversity but exhibited distinctive genetic variation. Main conclusion The latitudinal decline in genetic diversity within populations of this arctic–alpine plant across its range was opposite to the commonly observed trend. A significant part of the equator‐ward latitudinal decline in genetic diversity in this arctic–alpine species may be attributable to a “sky island” effect, which played a greater role at low latitudes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Genetic diversity within populations of an arctic–alpine species declines with decreasing latitude across the Northern Hemisphere

Hirao

Watanabe

Tsuyuzaki

et al. 2017

Journal of Biogeography

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“…Six microsatellites successfully amplified and were used to analyse 10 individuals from each of the 12 Cochlearia populations from Northern Norway, following the protocol by Vik et al . 82 except that 10 μl PCR reaction volumes were used. The annealing temperature used for each microsatellite after optimisation is given in Supporting Information Table S6.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RADseq provides evidence for parallel ecotypic divergence in the autotetraploid Cochlearia officinalis in Northern Norway

Brandrud

Paun

Lorenzo

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Speciation encompasses a continuum over time from freely interbreeding populations to reproductively isolated species. Along this process, ecotypes – the result of local adaptation – may be on the road to new species. We investigated whether three autotetraploid Cochlearia officinalis ecotypes, adapted to different habitats (beach, estuary, spring), are genetically differentiated and result from parallel ecotypic divergence in two distinct geographical regions. We obtained genetic data from thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) and from six microsatellite markers for 12 populations to assess genetic divergence at ecotypic, geographic and population level. The genetic patterns support differentiation among ecotypes as suggested by morphology and ecology. The data fit a scenario where the ancestral beach ecotype has recurrently and polytopically given rise to the estuary and spring ecotypes. Several ecologically-relevant loci with consistent non-random segregating patterns are identified across the recurrent origins, in particular around genes related to salt stress. Despite being ecologically distinct, the Cochlearia ecotypes still represent an early stage in the process of speciation, as reproductive isolation has not (yet) developed. A sequenced annotated genome is needed to specifically target candidate genes underlying local adaptation.

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“…Some of them have focused on the genetic variability of the species, the possibility of crossing with D. integrifolia, its postglacial migration and possible refugia (Philipp and Siegismund 2003;Vik et al 2010). Skrede et al (2006), in her research on molecular differentiation of Dryas octopetala sensu lato within the whole circumpolar range found that the populations of the species Philipp and Siegismund (2003), who analyzed the hybrid zone between D. octopetala and D. integrifolia in Greenland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographical differentiation of Dryas octopetala in Europe based on morphological features

Marcysiak

2014

Dendrobiology

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Abstract:Dryas octopetala is an important arctic alpine species, but its morphological analyses are scarce. The study deals with present European biogeographical structure based on morphology and its relations to the phylogenetic structure and the climate. Characters of leaves from 23 isolated populations were measured, statistically characterized and analyzed with the use of ANOVA and the discriminant analysis. All the features differentiated the tested samples significantly. Differences between plants representing regions were greater than between the samples within regions with regard to the four characters. The most visible division ran between the samples coming from the southern and the northern parts of the range, with the sample from the Western Scandinavia occupying the central position. Correlations between characters and climactic factors were shown, and the size of the leaf was associated mainly with the minimum temperatures of spring months, while the leaf shape with the rainfall during the summer months. Characters differentiating the regions and discriminating populations strongly were mostly dependent on the influence of the climate. The results of the present study were not fully consistent with the outcomes of the biogeographic molecular analyses of the researched species. Some parallels can be drawn when comparing the present analyses with the geographic differentiation of two other arctic-alpine shrubs Salix herbacea and S. reticulata. Although morphological diversity of Dryas octopetala showed a geographic structure, it was most probably shaped mainly by the influence of the environmental and climatic factors.

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Microsatellite markers show decreasing diversity but unchanged level of clonality inDryas octopetala(Rosaceae) with increasing latitude

Cited by 16 publications

References 54 publications

Genetic diversity within populations of an arctic–alpine species declines with decreasing latitude across the Northern Hemisphere

Genetic diversity within populations of an arctic–alpine species declines with decreasing latitude across the Northern Hemisphere

RADseq provides evidence for parallel ecotypic divergence in the autotetraploid Cochlearia officinalis in Northern Norway

Geographical differentiation of Dryas octopetala in Europe based on morphological features

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