Microscale thermomechanical characterization of environmentally conditioned shape memory polymers

Yang, Lih-Mei; Fulcher, J. T.; Tandon, G. P.; Foster, D. C.; Baur, Jeffery W.

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2011.04.006

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The UV exposed and water immersed SMPs are seen to have lesser recoveries compared to the unconditioned SMP and do not achieve the full recoveries in the end (Table I). Similar trends on shape recovery ratios have been reported using macroscopic tensile specimens12 and nanoindentation,15 albeit at different prescribed strain levels. It is also observed that the UV exposed SMPs exhibit much darker color than the other SMPs (see Figure 14).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The material studied was Veriflex‐E, a two‐part, fully formable thermoset SMP resin system developed by Cornerstone Research Group, Inc. (CRG) 16. Compared to other thermoset SMPs, the Veriflex‐E has a relatively higher glass transition temperature (or transformation temperature), T g –105°C,15 which makes it suitable for aerospace structural applications. The uncured resin also has a low viscosity (0.2948 Pa.s at 25°C and 0.0531 Pa.s at 50°C), which makes it easy for processing and composite fabrication.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermomechanical and shape memory properties of thermosetting shape memory polymer under compressive loadings

Fulcher

Karaca

Tandon

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are an emerging class of active polymers that may be used for a range of reconfigurable structures. In this study, the thermomechanical and shape memory behavior of a thermosetting SMP was investigated using large‐scale compressive tests and small‐scale indentation tests. Results show that the SMP exhibits different deformation modes and mechanical properties in compression than in tension. In glassy state, the SMP displays significant plastic deformation and has a much higher modulus and yield strength in comparison to those obtained in tension. In rubbery state, the SMP behaves like a hyperelastic material and again has a much higher modulus than that obtained in tension. The SMPs were further conditioned separately in simulated service environments relevant to Air Force missions, namely, (1) exposure to UV radiation, (2) immersion in jet‐oil, and (3) immersion in water. The thermomechanical and shape recovery properties of the original and conditioned SMPs were examined under compression. Results show that all the conditioned SMPs exhibit a decrease in Tg as compared to the original SMP. Environmental conditionings generally result in higher moduli and yield strength of the SMPs in the glassy state but lower modulus in the rubbery state. In particular, the UV exposure and water immersion, also weaken the shape recovery abilities of the SMPs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermomechanical and shape memory properties of thermosetting shape memory polymer under compressive loadings

Fulcher

Karaca

Tandon

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Among the various external stimuli such as electrical 9 , light 10 11 , and electromagnetic fields 12 , temperature variation has been the main activation stimulus due to the intrinsic thermal phase transition occurred in polymers 13 14 15 . The majority of the research reports are focused upon SMPs with relatively low to medium shape transition temperature for applications in surgical materials 16 , drug delivery 17 18 19 , actuators 20 , and so on 21 22 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape memory polymers with high and low temperature resistant properties

Xiao

Kong

Qiu

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

102

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High temperature shape memory polymers that can withstand the harsh temperatures for durable applications are synthesized, and the aromatic polyimide chains with flexible linkages within the backbone act as reversible phase. High molecular weight (Mn) is demanded to form physical crosslinks as fixed phase of thermoplastic shape memory polyimide, and the relationship between Mn and glass transition temperature (Tg) is explored. Thermoset shape memory polyimide shows higher Tg and storage modulus, better shape fixity than thermoplastic counterpart due to the low-density covalent crosslinking, and the influence of crosslinking on physical properties are studied. The mechanism of high temperature shape memory effects based on chain flexibility, molecular weight and crosslink density is proposed. Exposure to thermal cycling from +150 °C to −150 °C for 200 h produces negligible effect on the properties of the shape memory polyimide, and the possible mechanism of high and low temperature resistant property is discussed.

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“…In the case of SMP3, the tan d peak value increased from 1.26 (0 Gy) to 1.75 (1 3 10 6 Gy). A higher tan d in general indicates that materials are more resistant to impact (or cracking) through better dissipation of mechanical energy (Lu et al, 2011). This phenomenon was gradually more obvious with the increasing linear monomer from SMP1 to SMP4.…”

Section: Effect Of G-radiation On Thermal Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of the γ-radiation on the properties of epoxy-based shape memory polymers

Leng

Xie

et al. 2013

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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In this article, the epoxy-based shape memory polymers were exposed to simulated g-radiation environments up to 140 days for an accelerated irradiation. The influence of g-radiation on thermal and mechanical properties was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, and tensile test. The glass transition temperatures (T g ) determined by differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis decreased no more than 10%, and the shape recovery speed became a little faster after g-radiation of 1 3 10 5 Gy. The tensile strength and elastic modulus could, respectively, maintain 26 MPa and 1.36 GPa after being irradiated by 1 3 10 6 Gy radiation, showing great potential in aerospace structural materials.

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Microscale thermomechanical characterization of environmentally conditioned shape memory polymers

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Thermomechanical and shape memory properties of thermosetting shape memory polymer under compressive loadings

Thermomechanical and shape memory properties of thermosetting shape memory polymer under compressive loadings

Shape memory polymers with high and low temperature resistant properties

Effect of the γ-radiation on the properties of epoxy-based shape memory polymers

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