Microscopic anatomy of the sural nerve in the postnatal developing rat: a longitudinal and lateral symmetry study

Jeronimo, André; Jeronimo, Cláudia Além Domingues; Filho, Omar Andrade Rodrigues; Sanada, Luciana Sayuri; Fazan, Valéria Paula Sassoli

doi:10.1111/j.0021-8782.2005.00368.x

Cited by 59 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the distributions in the proximal segments of the radial nerves, the distal segments of the ulnar and median nerves, and the lateral proper digital nerve of the third finger tended to be bimodal in animals 7 weeks old. This observation agrees with that of Jeronimo et al (2005), who showed, for rat sural nerves, unimodal distribution in young animals (30 days), a tendency for bimodal distribution in some segments of animals 3 months old, and a well-established bimodal distribution in animals 6 months old. Further studies on the brachial plexus nerves are needed to establish fiber and axon diameter distributions for adult rats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The following increases in nerve parameters accompanying age are corroberated by our findings: rat nerve area (Hashizume and Kanda, 1995;Jeronimo et al, 2005), myelinated fiber diameter in rats and man (Gutrecht and Dyck, 1970;Jacobs and Love, 1985;Ouvrier et al, 1987;Schellens et al, 1993;Fazan and Lachat, 1997;Jeronimo et al, 2005), axonal diameter in rats (Hashizume and Kanda, 1995), and myelin sheath area in man (Thomas and Ochoa, 1984;Jacobs and Love, 1985;Schröder et al, 1988). The present study is the first to document such differences over the short interval of 3 weeks: between the ages of 4 and 7 weeks, which is indicative of the intense maturation of the peripheral nervous system during this life period in the rat.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The present study is the first to document such differences over the short interval of 3 weeks: between the ages of 4 and 7 weeks, which is indicative of the intense maturation of the peripheral nervous system during this life period in the rat. The similarity in number of myelinated fibers between different aged members of the same species is well documented (Carry et al, 1993;Schellens et al, 1993;Hashizume and Kanda, 1995;Jeronimo et al, 2005). In man (Stevens et al, 1973;Jacobs and Love, 1985;Ouvrier et al, 1987;Schellens et al, 1993), mice (Carry et al, 1993), and rats (Jeronimo et al, 2005), myelinated fiber density diminishes with age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…All microscopic fields of the distal segment of the radial nerve and of the lateral proper digital nerve of the third finger were analyzed. Morphometric parameters for the myelinated fibers of the nerve segments were obtained as described previously (Fazan et al, 1999;Jeronimo et al, 2005). Briefly, the total number of myelinated fibers present in each microscopic field was identified by visual inspection and counted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microscopic anatomy of brachial plexus branches in Wistar rats

Santos

Suaid

Fazan

et al. 2007

The Anatomical Record

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In the present study, we analyze the morphology and morphometry of the lateral proper digital nerve of the third finger, and of the proximal and distal segments of the ulnar, median, and radial nerves, in Wistar rats 4 or 7 weeks old. The fascicular area and diameter were generally significantly greater in the proximal compared to distal segments and tended to be larger in 7-week-old compared to 4-week-old rats (e.g., median nerve area of 0.13 mm 2 for the proximal and 0.07 mm 2 for distal segments in 4-weekold rats, and 0.17 and 0.10 mm 2 , respectively, for the proximal and distal segments of 7-week-old rats). The number of fascicles was significantly greater while the number of myelinated fibers was significantly less in the distal segments (e.g., 1,359 and 509 myelinated fibers, respectively, in the proximal and distal segments of the radial nerve 4-week-old rats). There was no significant difference in these parameters between the two age groups. The diameter of the myelinated fibers and their respective axons increased from 4 to 7 weeks of age (e.g., myelinated fiber diameter of 4.10 mm in 4-week-old animals and 4.7 mm in the ulnar nerve proximal segment of 7-week-old rats). The g-ratio regression line (axon diameter vs. fiber diameter quotient) was outlined for all the nerves studied here. Differences in myelinated fiber density were detected between the segments of the radial nerve, accompanying the number of myelinated fibers. Detailed knowledge of the microscopic anatomy of rat forelimb nerves provides control data for comparison with studies of experimentally induced neuropathies, which can shed more light on human neuropathies. Anat Rec, 290:477-485, 2007. 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microscopic anatomy of brachial plexus branches in Wistar rats

Santos

Suaid

Fazan

et al. 2007

The Anatomical Record

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“…In the more distal areas of the foot, the sural nerve is responsible for the sensory innervation of the lateral side and dorsal central area (Cobianchi et al, 2014) but it also contains a small percentage (4%) of motor fibers (Swett et al). The extensive use of the sural nerve in experimental investigations about degeneration and regeneration following nerve injury is described mainly from male rats (Unger et al, 1998) while the sural nerves from female rats was less investigated (Jeronimo et al, 2005(Jeronimo et al, , 2008.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hind Limb Sensory Innervation in Rats: Comparison between Sural and Saphenous Nerve Morphometry

et al. 2015

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NERI, L. O.; DE AMORIM, M. M.; CAMPOS, S. A. R.; SANADA, L. S. & FAZAN, V. P. S. Hind limb sensory innervation in rats:Comparison between sural and saphenous nerve morphometry. Int. J. Morphol., 33(2):743-750, 2015. SUMMARY:Although numerous studies investigate sensory recovery of the hind paw of the rat after nerve damage, still no comprehensive overview of its normal innervation is present in the literature. We investigated the morphometry of myelinated fibers in the sural and saphenous nerves and analyzed their size distributions in young rats. Six 30-day-old female Wistar rats were perfused with 2.5% glutaraldehyde and their right and left sural and saphenous nerves were prepared for light microscopy and morphometry. Morphometric data were compared between segments (proximal versus distal) and sides (right versus left) for the same nerves. Also, segments from right or left sides were compared between nerves (sural versus saphenous). Both, the sural and saphenous nerves, exhibited proximal to distal symmetry on both sides as well as left-right symmetry. Histograms of the diameter of the myelinated fibers were unimodal in both nerves, regardless of segments or sides with the peaks of the fibers size occurring between 2.5 and 4.0 µm. The axon distributions reflected the myelinated fiber distributions, with the sural and saphenous nerves peaking between 1.5 and 2.0 µm. The G ratio (the ratio between the axon and fiber diameters) distributions were also unimodal, with peaks at 0.6 for both nerves. This study contributes to the literature with information on the myelinated fibers morphometry from the two sensory nerves responsible for the rat hind limb innervation. This information is valuable for a better understanding of the possible contribution of collateral sprouting from the sural or saphenous nerves on the paw sensory territory recovery observed after one of these nerves is damaged.

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Ultrastructural Morphology and Morphometry of Phrenic Nerve in Rats

Fazan

Filho

Jordão

et al. 2008

The Anatomical Record

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Despite numerous literature reports on the morphometry of the myelinated fibers of phrenic nerves in rats, a systematic study of the longitudinal and lateral symmetry of the unmyelinated fibers morphometry is not available. In this study, we have undertaken ultrastructural and morphometric studies of the phrenic nerve in adult rats, assessing two different levels (proximal and distal) from both right and left sides. Phrenic nerves of adult male Wistar rats were prepared for epoxy resin embedding and transmission electron microscopy. Morphometric analysis was performed with the aid of computer software, which took into consideration the unmyelinated fiber number, density, area, and diameter, as well as ratio between myelinated and unmyelinated fibers, and the percentage of the fascicular area occupied by the myelinated and unmyelinated fibers. Comparison of data from proximal and distal segments on the same side and from the same levels between sides was performed. Differences were considered significant when P < 0.05. The most important finding is that morphometric parameters of the phrenic nerve unmyelinated fibers in adult rats are both longitudinally and laterally symmetric. This study adds important morphometric information about the unmyelinated fibers of the phrenic nerves in adult rats for proximal and distal levels on both sides of the animal.

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Microscopic anatomy of the sural nerve in the postnatal developing rat: a longitudinal and lateral symmetry study

Cited by 59 publications

References 24 publications

Microscopic anatomy of brachial plexus branches in Wistar rats

Microscopic anatomy of brachial plexus branches in Wistar rats

Hind Limb Sensory Innervation in Rats: Comparison between Sural and Saphenous Nerve Morphometry

Ultrastructural Morphology and Morphometry of Phrenic Nerve in Rats

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