Microscopic and Spectroscopic Analyses of Selected Agricultural Formulations Containing Various nanostructures

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to analyse commercially available compounds containing nanoparticles in the form of Ag, Cu, and Ag sulphate colloids applied in agriculture. The compounds were analysed with TEM and FTIR spectroscopy, i.e., methods that can complement the commonly used research techniques such as EDX or Raman spectroscopy. The results of the microscopic examinations evidenced the presence of single spherical agglomerates (small granules) of the nanoparticle-containing products. Infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of bands characteristic of vibrations that can be assigned to nanoparticle-X interactions, where X = S, C, or O in aqueous colloid solutions of the analysed samples. Additionally, bands characteristic for C-H stretching vibrations (probably associated with vibrations of the -CH 2 and -CH 3 groups) were observed as bands originating from compounds used as the carriers of the analysed systems. In the case of Ag sulphate, the most distinct band with a maximum at 2,863 cm -1 , which is characteristic of SH···Ag vibrations, can be observed, and its intensity may be associated with the nanostructure composition of the formulation, which is more diverse than that in the other two compounds.

Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles for Trace Colorimetric Sensing of Enzyme Disrupter Fungicide Vinclozolin

“…Similarly, the –CO (carbon oxygen single bond) peak for clove-AgNPs shifts towards a lower wavenumber (i.e., from 1034 cm −1 to 1021 cm −1 ), further indicating the interaction of clove extract with AgNPs. The best verification of the interaction of AgNPs with the capping agent –OAg is the signal at 833 cm −1 in Figure 2b, which is absent in Figure 2a, because as cited elsewhere [34] the metal-O (metal Ag or Cu) appears at 834 cm −1 . As a result of all these observations, it is confirmed that the AgNPs interacted with the capping agent.…”

Influence of Silver Nanoparticles, Laser Light and Electromagnetic Stimulation of Seeds on Germination Rate and Photosynthetic Parameters in Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) Leaves

“…Laser activation of plants results in an increase of their bioenergetic potential, leading to higher activation at fitochrome, fitohormone and fermentative systems, as a stimulation of their biochemical and physiological processes [21]. A number of the most recent studies have also turned their attention to nanotechnological techniques offering many potential applications in scientific, technological, and agricultural contexts [22][23][24][25] due to their antibacterial and antifungal benefits [26]. Nanoparticles are now being used in the manufacture household goods, food packaging, feed production, as well as textile and cosmetic products [27][28][29].…”

Energy performance comparison of two small scale combined geothermal heating plants for greenhouse heating

“…Nowadays, the main issues in agriculture are represented by the high cost of production, the safety of the operators [1; 2], the considerable use of pesticides [3; 4] and the consumption of primary energy necessary both for tractors and operating machines [5; 6], food processing [7][8][9] and conditioning.For these reasons, specialized operators are required in agriculture [10] able to combine the increase in quality standards required by the market [11][12][13] with the increasing challenges of the international regulationsmaintaining, at the same time, low production and energy costs.Furthermore, energy consumption is one of the main cost factors in commercial greenhouses, since high amounts of energy are used for greenhouse climate control to obtain good yields and high quality [14].…”