Microscopic Colitis Is Associated With a Reduced Risk of Colorectal Adenoma and Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

Liu, Yihui; Wu, Zhiyong; Ding, Ji-yuan; Shi, Yu-dan

doi:10.1093/ibd/izab333

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…There has been interest in the risk of colon cancer. Despite long-term inflammation, the risk of colon cancer seems to be decreased or similar to the background population in numerous epidemiological studies [44]. Thus, the increased risk of colonic cancer in patients with chronic long-term inflammation depends on the cause of inflammation, which unfortunately is not yet known.…”

Section: Inflammatory Bowel Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and Digestive Cancer

Waldum,

Fossmark

2023

IJMS

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Chronic inflammation is linked to carcinogenesis, particularly in the digestive organs, i.e., the stomach, colon, and liver. The mechanism of this effect has, however, only partly been focused on. In this review, we focus on different forms of chronic hepatitis, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic gastritis, conditions predisposing individuals to the development of malignancy. Chronic inflammation may cause malignancy because (1) the cause of the chronic inflammation is itself genotoxic, (2) substances released from the inflammatory cells may be genotoxic, (3) the cell death induced by the inflammation induces a compensatory increase in proliferation with an inherent risk of mutation, (4) changes in cell composition due to inflammation may modify function, resulting in hormonal disturbances affecting cellular proliferation. The present review focuses on chronic gastritis (Helicobacter pylori or autoimmune type) since all four mechanisms may be relevant to this condition. Genotoxicity due to the hepatitis B virus is an important factor in hepatocellular cancer and viral infection can similarly be central in the etiology and malignancy of inflammatory bowel diseases. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the dominating cause of chronic gastritis and has not been shown to be genotoxic, so its carcinogenic effect is most probably due to the induction of atrophic oxyntic gastritis leading to hypergastrinemia.

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Section: Inflammatory Bowel Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation and Digestive Cancer

Waldum,

Fossmark

2023

IJMS

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“…Although several studies have demonstrated an association between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis and the risk of colorectal cancer ( Beaugerie and Itzkowitz, 2015 ; Olén et al, 2020b ; Olén et al, 2020a ), previous studies focusing on the risk of colorectal cancer in microscopic colitis have not revealed such an association ( Loreau et al, 2019 ; Levy et al, 2019 ; Borsotti et al, 2021 ). A systemic review and meta-analysis of 12 studies comprising 50,795 patients with microscopic colitis even found a lower risk of colonic adenomas and colorectal cancer ( Liu et al, 2021 ). Nevertheless, a Swedish nationwide, population-based cohort study recently examined the association between microscopic colitis and overall risk of cancer as well as of some important cancer subtypes ( Bergman et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic colitis: Etiopathology, diagnosis, and rational management

Nielsen

Fernández‐Bañares

Sato

et al. 2022

eLife

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Microscopic colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease divided into two subtypes: collagenous colitis and lymphocytic colitis. With an increasing incidence of microscopic colitis exceeding those of ulcerative and Crohn’s disease among elderly people in some countries, microscopic colitis is a debilitating life experience. Therefore, physicians should be familiar with its clinical features and management strategies because the disease deserves the same attention as the classical inflammatory bowel diseases. Here, state-of-the-art knowledge of microscopic colitis is provided from a global perspective with reference to etiopathology and how to establish the diagnosis with the overall aim to create awareness and improve rational management in clinical practice. The immune system and a dysregulated immune response seem to play a key role combined with risk factors (e.g. cigarette smoking) in genetically predisposed individuals. The symptoms are characterized by recurrent or chronic nonbloody, watery diarrhea, urgency, weight loss, and a female preponderance. As biomarkers are absent, the diagnosis relies on colonoscopy with a histological assessment of biopsy specimens from all parts of the colon. Although the disease is not associated with a risk of colorectal cancer, a recent nationwide, population-based cohort study found an increased risk of lymphoma and lung cancer. Budesonide is the first-line therapy for management, whereas immunomodulatory drugs (including biologics) and drugs with antidiarrheal properties may be indicated in those failing, dependent, or intolerant to budesonide. In microscopic colitis induced by checkpoint inhibitors, a drug class used increasingly for a wide range of malignancies, a more aggressive therapeutic approach with biologics introduced early seems reasonable. However, particular attention needs to be drawn to the existence of incomplete forms of microscopic colitis with the risk of being overlooked in routine clinical settings.

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Diagnosis and Pharmacological Management of Microscopic Colitis in Geriatric Care

Nielsen,

Pardi

2024

Drugs Aging

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Microscopic Colitis Is Associated With a Reduced Risk of Colorectal Adenoma and Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Inflammation and Digestive Cancer

Inflammation and Digestive Cancer

Microscopic colitis: Etiopathology, diagnosis, and rational management

Diagnosis and Pharmacological Management of Microscopic Colitis in Geriatric Care

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