Microscopic Fungi in Big Cities: Biodiversity, Source, and Relation to Pollution by Potentially Toxic Metals

Korneykova, Maria V.; Soshina, Anastasia S.; Novikov, A.I.; Ivashchenko, Kristina; Сазонова, О. И.; Slukovskaya, Marina; Shirokaya, Anna A.; Vasenev, Viacheslav; Vetrova, Anna; Gavrichkova, Olga

doi:10.3390/atmos12111471

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The sampling campaign was conducted in the summer of 2021 in two big industrial cities of the Russian Federation located in the subarctic (Murmansk) and temperate continental (Moscow) climatic zones. The meteorological characteristics of the two cities and the conditions preceding the sampling are described in detail in [ 30 , 31 ]. Sampling in Moscow was carried out earlier than in Murmansk with the aim to ensure a similar seasonality and phenological stage of growth of selected tree species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Microbial Communities, PAHs, and Metals in Road and Leaf Dust of Functional Zones of Moscow and Murmansk

et al. 2023

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The impact of geographical factors, functional zoning, and biotope type on the diversity of microbial communities and chemical components in the dust of urban ecosystems was studied. Comprehensive analyses of bacterial and fungal communities, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and metals in road and leaf dust in three urban zones of Murmansk and Moscow with contrasting anthropogenic load were conducted. We found that the structure of bacterial communities affected the functional zoning of the city, biotope type, and geographical components. Fungal communities were instead impacted only by biotope type. Our findings revealed that the structure of fungal communities was mostly impacted by PAHs whereas bacterial communities were sensitive to metals. Bacteria of the genus Sphingomonas in road and leaf dust as indicators of the ecological state of the urban ecosystems were proposed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Microbial Communities, PAHs, and Metals in Road and Leaf Dust of Functional Zones of Moscow and Murmansk

et al. 2023

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“…Sites were chosen according to the traffic load data and a visual assessment of the area. The anthropogenic gradient was confirmed by analyses which were conducted on the chemical composition of the dust that was collected from the leaves at each site [ 35 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The purity and concentration of the DNA that was obtained were determined through 260/280 nm absorbance measurements using a NanoDrop spectrophotometer 2000 (Thermo Scientific, USA) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The DNA electrophoresis was performed in 1–2.5% agarose in 0.5× Tris-borate–EDTA buffer according to the standard technique [ 35 ]. The visualization of the DNA was carried out by adding ethidium bromide to the agarose at a final concentration of 0.5 μg/mL.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria in Three Different Functional Zones of the Cities of Moscow and Murmansk

et al. 2022

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We performed a comparative study of the total bacterial communities and communities of cultivable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)-degrading bacteria in different functional zones of Moscow and Murmansk that were formed under the influence of the PAH composition in road and leaf dust. The PAHs were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); the bacterial communities’ diversity was assessed by metabarcoding. The degraders were isolated by their direct plating on a medium with the PAHs. The PAH total quantity declined in the leaf dust from the traffic to the recreational zone. For the road dust, a negative gradient with pollution was observed for Rhodococcus and Acinetobacter degraders and for their relative abundance in the microbiome for the functional zones of Moscow. The opposite effect was observed in the Murmansk leaf dust for the Rothia and Pseudomonas degraders and in the Moscow road dust for Microbacterium. The PCA and linear regression analyses showed that the Micrococcus degraders in the dust were sensitive to anthropogenic pollution, so they can be used as a tool for monitoring anthropogenic changes in the biosphere. The data on the degraders’ and microbial communities’ diversity suggest that minor degrading strains can play a key role in PAH degradation.

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“…The leaf area and amount of dust for each type of analysis were determined. The calculations for chemical properties were performed per leaf surface (cm 2 ) and dust mass (kg), characterizing pollutant quantity and quality, respectively [27]. The same approach was used for microbial properties.…”

Section: Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a manipulation experiment with Ag nanoparticles, the bacterial and fungal leaf community was altered, favoring anaerobic bacteria and stress-tolerant taxa [20]. Pollution-induced alterations of the microbial community may increase the amount of pathogenic genes and the fraction of pathogenic microorganisms in the phylloplane [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylloplane Biodiversity and Activity in the City at Different Distances from the Traffic Pollution Source

Ivashchenko

Korneykova

Сазонова

et al. 2022

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The phylloplane is an integrated part of green infrastructure which interacts with plant health. Taxonomic characterization of the phylloplane with the aim to link it to ecosystem functioning under anthropogenic pressure is not sufficient because only active microorganisms drive biochemical processes. Activity of the phylloplane remains largely overlooked. We aimed to study the interactions among the biological characteristics of the phylloplane: taxonomic diversity, functional diversity and activity, and the pollution grade. Leaves of Betula pendula were sampled in Moscow at increasing distances from the road. For determination of phylloplane activity and functional diversity, a MicroResp tool was utilized. Taxonomic diversity of the phylloplane was assessed with a combination of microorganism cultivation and molecular techniques. Increase of anthropogenic load resulted in higher microbial respiration and lower DNA amount, which could be viewed as relative inefficiency of phylloplane functioning in comparison to less contaminated areas. Taxonomic diversity declined with road vicinity, similar to the functional diversity pattern. The content of Zn in leaf dust better explained the variation in phylloplane activity and the amount of DNA. Functional diversity was linked to variation in nutrient content. The fraction of pathogenic fungi of the phylloplane was not correlated with any of the studied elements, while it was significantly high at the roadsides. The bacterial classes Gammaproteobacteria and Cytophagia, as well as the Dothideomycetes class of fungi, are exposed to the maximal effect of distance from the highway. This study demonstrated the sensitivity of the phylloplane to road vicinity, which combines the effects of contaminants (mainly Zn according to this study) and potential stressful air microclimatic conditions (e.g., low relative air humidity, high temperature, and UV level). Microbial activity and taxonomic diversity of the phylloplane could be considered as an additional tool for bioindication.

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Microscopic Fungi in Big Cities: Biodiversity, Source, and Relation to Pollution by Potentially Toxic Metals

Cited by 7 publications

References 59 publications

Diversity of Microbial Communities, PAHs, and Metals in Road and Leaf Dust of Functional Zones of Moscow and Murmansk

Diversity of Microbial Communities, PAHs, and Metals in Road and Leaf Dust of Functional Zones of Moscow and Murmansk

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria in Three Different Functional Zones of the Cities of Moscow and Murmansk

Phylloplane Biodiversity and Activity in the City at Different Distances from the Traffic Pollution Source

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