Microscopic investigation of changes in histology and digestibility in the rumen of a forage grass and a forage legume during the first growth stage

Jamot, Jacqueline; Grenet, Élisabeth

doi:10.1051/rnd:19910410

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Much of the variability in digestibility of herbage is closely associated with variation in the concentration of cell wall components. At similar stages of maturity legumes are susceptible to faster particle breakdown in the rumen and more rapid clearance of the particles from the rumen than grasses (Waghorn et al ., 1989; Jamot and Grenet, 1991). The arrangement of veins in the leaves may contribute to these differing rates of breakdown, with the parallel venation of the grasses imposing more resistance than the reticulum of veins in legume leaves (Wilman et al ., 1996).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Voluntary intake, digestibility and nitrogen utilization by sheep fed ensiled forage legumes

Fraser

Fychan

Jones

2000

Grass and Forage Science

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An experiment was conducted to compare the nutritive value of a range of ensiled forage legumes. Silages were prepared from late second‐cut lotus (Lotus corniculatus), first‐cut sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) and both early and late second‐cut red clover (Trifolium pratense) and lucerne (Medicago sativa). Each experimental silage was offered to six Suffolk‐cross wether lambs, aged 10 months, housed in metabolism crates. Voluntary intakes of dry matter ranged from 71 to 81 g kg−1 liveweight0·75 d−1. Voluntary intakes were similar on the lotus, sainfoin and late‐cut red clover silages, but the voluntary intake on the lotus silage was significantly higher than that on the lucerne silages and early‐cut red clover silage. Digestibility of organic matter in the dry matter was highest for the lotus silage (0·650), and lowest for the sainfoin silage (0·527). Although most of the N in the sainfoin silage appeared to be in an indigestible form, N digestibility was approximately 0·70 for the other legume silages. The highest loss of N in urine, 0·75 of N intake, was recorded for lambs offered the lucerne silage. Differences in N intake, N loss in faeces and N loss in urine led to statistically significant differences in the amount of N retained, with the highest and lowest N balances recorded for the lotus (16 g N d−1) and sainfoin (−2 g N d−1) silages respectively. The results confirm that these high protein forages have high intake potential. While low N digestibility appears to limit the nutritional value of sainfoin, further research could formulate feeding strategies that improve the efficiency with which the protein from red clover, lucerne and lotus is utilized.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Voluntary intake, digestibility and nitrogen utilization by sheep fed ensiled forage legumes

Fraser

Fychan

Jones

2000

Grass and Forage Science

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“…This is attributable to the greater susceptibility of legume forages to particle breakdown during ingestion and rumination, and the more rapid clearance of these smaller particles from the rumen than those of grasses (Waghorn et al. , 1989; Jamot and Grenet, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is in agreement with previous studies, where at similar digestibility and stage of maturity, lucerne and red clover were found to have a greater intake potential than ryegrass (Frame et al, 1998). This is attributable to the greater susceptibility of legume forages to particle breakdown during ingestion and rumination, and the more rapid clearance of these smaller particles from the rumen than those of grasses (Waghorn et al, 1989;Jamot and Grenet, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production performance and meat quality of grazing lambs finished on red clover, lucerne or perennial ryegrass swards

Fraser

Speijers

Theobald

et al. 2004

Grass and Forage Science

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Fraser, M. D., Speijers, M. H. M., Theobald, V. J., Fychan, A. R., Jones, R. (2004). Production performance and meat quality of grazing lambs finished on red clover, lucerne or perennial ryegrass swards. Grass and Forage Science, 59, (4), 345-356. Sponsorship: DEFRA / MLCThe combined benefits of a high crude protein concentration, and possible protein protection and growth-promoting properties, make forage legumes potentially attractive as a natural means of increasing liveweight gain and time to slaughter of lambs in lamb finishing systems. An experiment was conducted to compare the production performance and meat quality of grazing lambs finished on red clover (Trifolium pratense), lucerne (Medicago sativa) or perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) swards. Replicate (n = 2) swards of red clover, lucerne and perennial ryegrass were rotationally grazed by ten ram lambs and ten ewe lambs from weaning until selection for slaughter at UK fat class 3L. Lambs grazing the red clover sward had a significantly higher liveweight gain and required significantly fewer days to slaughter than lambs grazing the lucerne sward (305 g d?1 vs. 243 g d?1; 38 d vs. 50 d), which in turn had a higher liveweight gain and required fewer days to slaughter than lambs grazing the perennial ryegrass sward (184 g d?1; 66 d). Lambs grazing the red clover and lucerne swards had significantly higher herbage intakes than those grazing the perennial ryegrass sward (2?06, 1?72 and 1?16 kg DM d?1 respectively), but in vivo digestibility of herbage was similar. Lambs grazing the red clover and lucerne swards also had significantly higher serum urea concentrations than those grazing ryegrass (12?5, 11?1 and 6?2 mmol L?1 respectively). Killing-out percentage was significantly higher for lambs grazing the red clover sward than for lambs grazing the perennial ryegrass sward (48% vs. 46%). There were no significant effects of finishing system on meat flavour, but meat from lambs finished on the lucerne sward was oxidatively less stable than that from lambs finished on the perennial ryegrass sward. Grazing the forage legume swards significantly increased the proportion of linoleic and linolenic acid in muscle tissue, and therefore the proportion of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids (0?19, 0?16 and 0?12 for the red clover, lucerne and perennial ryegrass swards respectively). However, the n?6/n?3 ratio was significantly lower for the muscle of lambs grazing the perennial ryegrass sward compared with those grazing the forage legume swards (1?13, 1?08 and 0?98 for the red clover, lucerne and perennial ryegrass swards respectively). The results indicate that by grazing lambs on forage legume swards it is possible to increase individual lamb performance without compromising meat quality.Peer reviewe

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“…Differences in intake have been attributed to both faster rates of fermentation (Beever and Thorp 1996) and more rapid particle breakdown and clearance from the rumen (Moseley and Jones 1984, Waghorn et al 1989, Jamot and Grenet 1991. Dewhurst et al (2003a) suggested that fermentation rate may be more important for white clover silage, whilst rapid particle breakdown may be more important for lucerne silage.…”

Section: Feed Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Milk production from silage: comparison of grass, legume and maize silages and their mixtures

Dewhurst

2013

AFSci

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The high rates of rumen fermentation, physical breakdown and passage rates from the rumen of legume silages lead to higher intakes than for grass silages of comparable digestibility. Although total tract digestibilities for legume silages and maize silages are often lower than for grass silages, milk yields are usually higher. A further benefit of legumes and maize is the reduced rate of decline in digestibility. Legume silages often lead to a reduction in milk fat concentration and increased levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, 18:2 n-6 and 18:3 n-3. This latter effect is related to reduced rumen biohydrogenation as a consequence of increased rumen passage rates or the effects of polyphenol oxidase. There is quite a wide range of maturities (300 – 350 g kg-1 DM) that leads to maximum dry matter intakes and milk production from maize silage; milk production is reduced with immature or over–mature maize crops. Forage chop length exerts a number of effects, both in the silo and in the rumen, but effects on rumen function, feed intake and milk production have been inconsistent. The high protein content and high N degradability of most legume silages is associated with a low efficiency of converting dietary N into milk N, with a concomitant increase in urine N. Reducing N intake by inclusion of maize silage in mixtures with legume silages leads to a marked reduction in urine N without loss of production potential. It is predicted, on the basis of their chemical composition and rumen kinetics, that legume silages and maize silages would reduce methane production relative to grass silage, though in vivo measurements are lacking. Extensive fermentation in the silo reduces the amount of fermentable substrate, and reduced methane production in comparison with grass silage where fermentation had been restricted by high levels of acid additive.

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Microscopic investigation of changes in histology and digestibility in the rumen of a forage grass and a forage legume during the first growth stage

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Voluntary intake, digestibility and nitrogen utilization by sheep fed ensiled forage legumes

Voluntary intake, digestibility and nitrogen utilization by sheep fed ensiled forage legumes

Production performance and meat quality of grazing lambs finished on red clover, lucerne or perennial ryegrass swards

Milk production from silage: comparison of grass, legume and maize silages and their mixtures

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