Microscopie de la mycoflore des aiguilles de sapin (<i>Abies alba</i>). II. <i>Lophodermium piceae</i>

Gourbière, F.; Pepin, Régis; Bernillon, Dominique

doi:10.1139/b86-016

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This is supported by observations that fruiting of L. piceae on fallen brown needles is less common than could be expected from the infection frequency of L. piceae on green intact needles; Solheim (1994) found L. piceae fruiting on brown fallen needles at frequencies of 10–41% in spruce stands where the incidence of the species in intact green needles was 32–81%. The ecological function of L. piceae in needles of Abies alba may be different from that in P. abies as microscopic investigations of decomposing fir needles suggest L. piceae to be a primary saprophyte (Gourbière et al . 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of endophytic fungi of single Norway spruce needles and their role as pioneer decomposers

et al. 2001

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The diversity of endophytic fungi within single symptomless Norway spruce needles is described and their possible role as pioneer decomposers after needle detachment is investigated. The majority (90%) of all 182 isolates from green intact needles were identified as Lophodermium piceae. Up to 34 isolates were obtained from single needles. Generally, all isolates within single needles had distinct randomly amplified microsatellite (RAMS) patterns. Single trees may thus contain a higher number of L. piceae individuals than the number of their needles. To investigate the ability of needle endophytes to act as pioneer decomposers, surface-sterilized needles were incubated on sterile sand inoculated with autoclaved or live spruce forest humus layer. The dry weight loss of 13-17% found in needles after a 20-week incubation did not significantly differ between the sterilized and live treatments. Hence, fungi surviving the surface sterilization of needles can act as pioneer decomposers. A considerable portion of the needles remained green during the incubation. Brown and black needles, in which the weight loss had presumably taken place, were invaded throughout by single haplotypes different from L. piceae. Instead, Tiarasporella parca, a less common needle endophyte, occurred among these invaders of brown needles. Needle endophytes of Norway spruce seem thus to have different abilities to decompose host tissues after needle cast. L. piceae is obviously not an important pioneer decomposer of Norway spruce needles. The diversity of fungal individuals drops sharply when needles start to decompose. Thus, in single needles the decomposing mycota is considerably less diverse than the endophytic mycota.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of endophytic fungi of single Norway spruce needles and their role as pioneer decomposers

et al. 2001

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“…Zonal disks from Lophodermium piceae (Fckl.) Hoehn., a needle fungus found on several spruce and fir species (Darker 1932, Gourbière et al 1986, Whitney and Ip 1990, Osorio and Stephan 1991, Magan and Smith 1996, were also counted. These disks are resistant to decomposition thus providing a means to enumerate the presence of the species after the needle it had previously colonized has totally decomposed CREATION OF ALTERNATIVE STABLE STATES (J. P. P. Jasinski and S. Payette, unpublished manuscript).…”

Section: Peatland Sampling and Laboratory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Creation of Alternative Stable States in the Southern Boreal Forest, Québec, Canada

Jasinski

Payette

2005

Ecological Monographs

178

165

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The southernmost spruce–lichen woodlands in the Parc des Grands‐Jardins, Québec, Canada, are situated 500 km south of their usual range in the northern lichen woodland zone. Their co‐occurrence within a spruce–moss forest matrix suggests the existence of alternative stable states. We investigate the possibility of these spruce–lichen woodlands as an alternative stable state along with the factors contributing to their origin and spatiotemporal distribution. Analysis of plant macrofossils, charcoal, head capsules of defoliating insects, and pollen were used along with vegetation surveys to reconstruct the past and present disturbance dynamics along an east–west transect, corresponding to a precipitation and fire frequency gradient. At each site, spruce budworm head capsules were found preceding the charcoal layer delineating the shift to spruce–lichen woodland, demonstrating the compound disturbance (insect–fire) origin of the lichen woodlands. Moss forests previously occupied all lichen woodland sites, with the oldest record starting ca. 8300–9400 yr BP. A change to a higher fire frequency around 2500 yr BP was evident in the lichen woodland zone of the park. A lower fire frequency west of the lichen woodland zone likely is a result of orographic precipitation. While the spruce budworm affects the entire region, lichen woodlands are found exclusively within an increased fire frequency zone. Thus, it is the superimposition of these two disturbance factors that is responsible both for their creation and spatial distribution. Lichen woodland inception dates range between 580 and 1440 yr BP, demonstrating that these lichen woodlands have maintained their open structure with time and have not transformed into closed forests. Their persistence, along with their previous moss forest histories and current occurrence adjacent to closed moss forests, indicate that they are an alternative stable state to the spruce–moss forests and not a successional stage. In contrast to other examples of reported alternative stable states, this one is a result of natural disturbances inherent to the system and not anthropogenic impacts.

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“…Hoehn. (Figure 4.3), a needle fungus found on senescent spruce and fir species, were also used as a proxy for spruce budworm epidemics Payette, 2005, 2007).-These disks are formed by several layers of hyphae and melanised parenchyma cells (Gourbière et al, 1986) and were linked to forest decline due to spruce budworm (Jasinski and Payette, 2007). The fungus was also associated with drought and stressed trees.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamique des épidémies de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette durant l'holocène /

Simard¹

2011

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Microscopie de la mycoflore des aiguilles de sapin (Abies alba). II. Lophodermium piceae

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Diversity of endophytic fungi of single Norway spruce needles and their role as pioneer decomposers

Diversity of endophytic fungi of single Norway spruce needles and their role as pioneer decomposers

The Creation of Alternative Stable States in the Southern Boreal Forest, Québec, Canada

Dynamique des épidémies de la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette durant l'holocène /

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