Microsized SnS/Few‐Layer Graphene Composite with Interconnected Nanosized Building Blocks for Superior Volumetric Lithium and Sodium Storage

Abstract

To develop anode materials with superior volumetric storage is crucial for practical application of lithium/sodium‐ion batteries. Here, we have developed a micro/nanostructured SnS/few‐layer graphene (SnS/FLG) composite by facile scalable plasma milling. Inside the hybrid, SnS nanoparticles are tightly supported by FLG, forming nanosized primary particles as building blocks and assembling to microsized secondary granules. With this unique micro/nanostructure, the SnS/FLG composite possesses a high tap density of 1.98 g cm−3 and thus ensures a high volumetric storage. The combination of SnS nanoparticles and FLG nanosheets can not only enhance the overall electrical conductivity and facilitate the ion diffusion greatly, but alleviate the large volume expansion of SnS effectively and maintain the electrode integrity during cycling. Thus, the densely compacted SnS/FLG composite exhibits superior volumetric lithium and sodium storage, including high volumetric capacities of 1926.5/1051.4 mAh cm−3 at 0.2 A g−1, and high retained capacities of 1754.3/760.3 mAh cm−3 after 500 cycles at 1.0 A g−1. With superior volumetric storage performance and facile scalable synthesis, the SnS/FLG composite can be a promising anode for practical batteries application.

Interfacial Bonding of SnSb Alloys with Graphene toward Ultrafast and Cycle-Stable Na-Ion Battery Anodes

“…Each plot is made up of a semicircle and oblique line in the high-and low-frequency regions, which represents the charge and ion transfer, respectively. 10 Table S1 summarizes the fitted data according to the equivalent circuit (Figure S13); SnSb-G shows substantially lower charge resistance (64.5 Ω) than SnSb (265.7 Ω), suggesting its significantly improved conductivity because of the compositing of highly conductive graphene. Figures S14 and 4b show the Nyquist plots of SnSb and SnSb-G after completely discharged for different cycles; each plot contains two semicircles, corresponding to the SEI formation (R sf ) and charge transfer (R ct ), respectively.…”

“…Sn (99.5% purity, 200 mesh) and Sb (99.5% purity, 200 mesh) were purchased from Aladdin and used as raw materials. Based on our previous work, 10 we prepared EG as a carbon resource. Sn and Sb together with EG were put inside a stainless steel container, with an EG content of 30 wt % and a Sn/Sb molar ratio of 1:1.…”

Exploring the Sodium‐Storage Mechanism of Nanosized Disodium Rhodizonate as the Anode Active Material

“…In theory, the small particle size increases the contact area between the electrode materials and the electrolyte, thus accelerating the charge transfer and shortening the Na + diffusion pathways. [ 21 ] Hence, nanosizing the electrode active material particles theoretically enhances the electrochemical performance of Na 2 C 6 O 6 . In practice, however, a very large active material‐electrolyte interfacial area often causes a thick SEI layer to form, consuming the electrolyte and charge carriers, followed by fast capacity fading and cell deterioration.…”

Tin‐Based Anode Materials for Stable Sodium Storage: Progress and Perspective

“…Similar to SnS 2 , carbon modification revamps the electrochemical properties of SnS. [ 117,129–131 ] For instance, Li et al. [ 132 ] prepared SnS/RGO nanostructures by hydrothermal and annealing treatment.…”

“…Similar to SnS 2 , carbon modification revamps the electrochemical properties of SnS. [117,[129][130][131] For instance, Li et al [132] prepared SnS/RGO nanostructures by hydrothermal and annealing treatment. The composites delivered a high initial discharge capacity of 832 mA h g −1 at 0.2 A g −1 , which remained at 559 mA h g −1 after 70 cycles.…”