Microspheres of Gelatin and Poly(ethylene glycol) Coated with Ethyl Cellulose for Controlled Release of Metronidazole

Phadke, Keerti V.; Manjeshwar, Lata S.; Aminabhavi, Tejraj M.

doi:10.1021/ie404052q

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The presence of OH groups was confirmed by a less pronounced but discernible peak at 3486 cm −1 . Furthermore, the spectrum exhibited small yet sharp peaks at 2977 cm −1 and 2872 cm −1 , corresponding to CHO stretching vibrations, which in alignment with results reported previously in the literature [54,55]. The FTIR spectrum of pristine NETA exhibited two distinct peaks.…”

Section: Structural Profilingsupporting

confidence: 89%

A Novel Intrauterine Device for the Spatio-Temporal Release of Norethindrone Acetate as a Counter-Estrogenic Intervention in the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause

Abdelgader,

Govender,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Pharmaceutics

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The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is a widely occurring condition affecting millions of women worldwide. The current treatment of GSM involves the use of orally or vaginally administered estrogens, often with the risk of endometrial hyperplasia. The utilization of progestogens offers a means to counteract the effects of estrogen on the endometrial tissue, decreasing unwanted side effects and improving therapeutic outcomes. In this study, a norethindrone acetate (NETA)-loaded, hollow, cylindrical, and sustained release platform has been designed, fabricated, and optimized for implantation in the uterine cavity as a counter-estrogenic intervention in the treatment of GSM. The developed system, which comprises ethyl cellulose (EC) and polycaprolactone (PCL), has been statistically optimized using a two-factor, two-level factorial design, with the mechanical properties, degradation, swelling, and in vitro drug release of NETA from the device evaluated. The morphological characteristics of the platform were further investigated through scanning electron microscopy in addition to cytocompatibility studies using NIH/3T3 cells. Results from the statistical design highlighted the platform with the highest NETA load and the EC-to-PCL ratio that exhibited favorable release and weight loss profiles. The drug release data for the optimal formulation were best fitted with the Peppas–Sahlin model, implicating both diffusion and polymer relaxation in the release mechanism, with cell viability results noting that the prepared platform demonstrated favorable cytocompatibility. The significant findings of this study firmly establish the developed platform as a promising candidate for the sustained release of NETA within the uterine cavity. This functionality serves as a counter-estrogenic intervention in the treatment of GSM, with the platform holding potential for further advanced biomedical applications.

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Section: Structural Profilingsupporting

confidence: 89%

A Novel Intrauterine Device for the Spatio-Temporal Release of Norethindrone Acetate as a Counter-Estrogenic Intervention in the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause

Abdelgader,

Govender,

Kumar

et al. 2024

Pharmaceutics

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“…In general, microspheres can be utilized in medical applications as well as in separation of contaminants from wastewaters . Cellulose-coated microspheres and microcapsules have found potential use for controlled release and separation . Traditional polymer microcapsules usually suffer from poor barrier properties of the encapsulating polymer membrane, making it difficult to encapsulate, for example, liquids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbeads and Hollow Microcapsules Obtained by Self-Assembly of Pickering Magneto-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystals

Nypelö

Rodríguez‐Abreu

Kolen’ko

et al. 2014

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Cellulose microbeads can be used as immobilization supports. We report on the design and preparation of magneto-responsive cellulose microbeads and microcapsules by self-assembled shells of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) carrying magnetic CoFe2O4 nanoparticles, that is, a mixture of isotropic and anisotropic nanomaterials. The magnetic CNCs formed a structured layer, a mesh, consisting of CNCs and magnetic particles bound together on the surface of distinct droplets of hexadecane and styrene dispersed in water. Because of the presence of CNCs the highly crystalline mesh was targeted to provide an improved barrier property of the microbead shell compared to neat polymer shells, while the magnetic particles provided the magnetic response. In situ polymerization of the styrene phase led to the formation of solid microbeads (∼8 μm diameter) consisting of polystyrene (PS) cores encapsulated in the magnetic CNC shells (shell-to-core mass ratio of 4:96). The obtained solid microbeads were ferromagnetic (saturation magnetization of ∼60 emu per gram of the magnetic phase). The magnetic functionality enables easy separation of substances immobilized on the beads. Such a functionality was tested in removal of a dye from water. The microbeads were further utilized to synthesize hollow microcapsules by solubilization of the PS core. The CNC-based, magneto-responsive solid microbeads and hollow microcapsules were characterized by electron microscopy (morphology), X-ray diffraction (phase composition), and magnetometry (magnetic properties). Such hybrid systems can be used in the design of materials and devices for application in colloidal stabilization, concentration, separation, and delivery, among others.

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“…Similar results have been found in the literature for other microparticulate systems. For example, in case of microparticles based on gelatin and poly(ethylene glycol) coated with ethyl cellulose, the metronidazole release rates and transport parameters have suggested the non-Fickian mechanism [ 43 ]. Additionally, the release kinetics of the metronidazole from the hydrogel containing crosslinked chitosan microparticles best fit the Higuchi model [ 44 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grafted Microparticles Based on Glycidyl Methacrylate, Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate and Sodium Hyaluronate: Synthesis, Characterization, Adsorption and Release Studies of Metronidazole

Gugoasa

Racoviţă²,

Vasiliu³

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Three types of precursor microparticles based on glycidyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and one of the following three crosslinking agents (mono-, di- or triethylene glycol dimethacrylate) were prepared using the suspension polymerization technique. The precursor microparticles were subsequently used to obtain three types of hybrid microparticles. Their synthesis took place by grafting sodium hyaluronate, in a basic medium, to the epoxy groups located on the surface of the precursor microparticles. Both types of the microparticles were characterized by: FTIR spectroscopy, epoxy groups content, thermogravimetric analysis, dimensional analysis, grafting degree of sodium hyaluronate, SEM and AFM analyses, and specific parameters of porous structures (specific surface area, pore volume, porosity). The results showed that the hybrid microparticles present higher specific surface areas, higher swelling capacities as well as higher adsorption capacities of antimicrobial drugs (metronidazole). To examine the interactions between metronidazole and the precursor/hybrid microparticles the adsorption equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies were carried out. Thus, it was determined the performance of the polymer systems in order to select a polymer–drug system with a high efficiency. The release kinetics reflect that the release mechanism of metronidazole in the case of hybrid microparticles is a complex mechanism characteristic of anomalous or non-Fickian diffusion.

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Microspheres of Gelatin and Poly(ethylene glycol) Coated with Ethyl Cellulose for Controlled Release of Metronidazole

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

A Novel Intrauterine Device for the Spatio-Temporal Release of Norethindrone Acetate as a Counter-Estrogenic Intervention in the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause

A Novel Intrauterine Device for the Spatio-Temporal Release of Norethindrone Acetate as a Counter-Estrogenic Intervention in the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause

Microbeads and Hollow Microcapsules Obtained by Self-Assembly of Pickering Magneto-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystals

Grafted Microparticles Based on Glycidyl Methacrylate, Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate and Sodium Hyaluronate: Synthesis, Characterization, Adsorption and Release Studies of Metronidazole

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