Microstrip Antenna Design for Femtocell Coverage Optimization

The Scientific World Journal

Ismail

et al. 2014

Self Cite

An artificial neural network (ANN) and affinity propagation (AP) algorithm based user categorization technique is presented. The proposed algorithm is designed for closed access femtocell network. ANN is used for user classification process and AP algorithm is used to optimize the ANN training process. AP selects the best possible training samples for faster ANN training cycle. The users are distinguished by using the difference of received signal strength in a multielement femtocell device. A previously developed directive microstrip antenna is used to configure the femtocell device. Simulation results show that, for a particular house pattern, the categorization technique without AP algorithm takes 5 indoor users and 10 outdoor users to attain an error-free operation. While integrating AP algorithm with ANN, the system takes 60% less training samples reducing the training time up to 50%. This procedure makes the femtocell more effective for closed access operation.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: User Categorization In Closed Access Femtocellmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel User Classification Method for Femtocell Network by Using Affinity Propagation Algorithm and Artificial Neural Network

The Scientific World Journal

Ismail

et al. 2014

Self Cite

“…In this paper, a neural network-based closed access femtocell network is proposed by using the variations of receiving gains of multi-element femtocell. A previously designed LTE multi-band microstrip antenna [15] is used for modeling the multi-element femtocell configuration. Results show that the femtocell categorizes the users without any mistake after a certain number of training samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive closed access femtocell application using multi-element antenna

Singh

et al. 2015

J Wireless Com Network

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In this paper, a cognitive closed access multi-element antenna-specific femtocell protocol is presented. Femtocell is considered as the preeminent solution for indoor coverage in long-term evaluation (LTE) and LTE-advanced networks. The protocol is verified using a patch antenna for LTE network. In a vast deployment of this mini base station, unwanted handover event is considered as the major obstacle. Access control mechanism with coverage-optimized antenna pattern is one of the most promising solution to resolve this obstacle. A previously proposed microstrip four-element femtocell configuration is used to analyze the performance in user categorizing technique for closed access femtocell network. The categorization is performed using multi-layer feed forward network in neural network.The performance of the technique shows an inherent relationship between completeness of training data and error percentage. Sufficiently low error rates can be achieved by presenting about 15 training samples.

“…Selection of access-control mechanisms in femtocell has a deteriorating effect on network performance. The operation of access-controlled femtocell greatly depends on the mechanism whose sole purpose is to decide whether the user can connect to the cell [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Resource Allocation in Hybrid Access Femtocell Network

The Scientific World Journal

Ismail

et al. 2014

Self Cite

Intercell interference is one of the most challenging issues in femtocell deployment under the coverage of existing macrocell. Allocation of resources between femtocell and macrocell is essential to counter the effects of interference in dense femtocell networks. Advances in resource management strategies have improved the control mechanism for interference reduction at lower node density, but most of them are ineffective at higher node density. In this paper, a dynamic resource allocation management algorithm (DRAMA) for spectrum shared hybrid access OFDMA femtocell network is proposed. To reduce the macro-femto-tier interference and to improve the quality of service, the proposed algorithm features a dynamic resource allocation scheme by controlling them both centrally and locally. The proposed scheme focuses on Femtocell Access Point (FAP) owners' satisfaction and allows maximum utilization of available resources based on congestion in the network. A simulation environment is developed to study the quantitative performance of DRAMA in hybrid access-control femtocell network and compare it to closed and open access mechanisms. The performance analysis shows that higher number of random users gets connected to the FAP without compromising FAP owners' satisfaction allowing the macrocell to offload a large number of users in a dense heterogeneous network.