Microstructural and mechanical consequences of thermal cycles on a high zirconia fuse-cast refractory

Elastic properties and microstructure: study of two fused cast refractory materials

“…This could be linked to damage occurring in the material because of the expansion of zirconia at T t-m which has been observed elsewhere in similar materials. 14 Below T t-m , Young's modulus regularly increases as in the case of a stable sintered material, the zirconia grains being bonded by the stiff glassy phase below the glass transition temperature. Consequently, because of dilatometric mismatch, stresses are developed at grain boundaries and/or in highly anisotropic zirconia grains 6 and induce cracks at low temperature, 14 involving the deep Young's modulus decrease below 200 • C.…”

Microcracking of high zirconia refractories after t→m phase transition during cooling: An EBSD study

“…[1][2][3][4][5] During their manufacturing process, by casting from high temperatures (2700 • C), the zirconia undergoes up to two successive phase transformations: cubic to tetragonal (c → t at 2370 • C for pure zirconia) and tetragonal to monoclinic (t → m at around 1080 • C for the considered material in this study). The glassy phase is important to obtain such massive monoclinic zirconia materials because it prevents from extensive cracking during this last transition and it accommodates the internal stresses developed by the associated increase of volume 6,7 (3-5%).…”

Powder and Part Characterizations in Electron Beam Melting Additive Manufacturing

“…One example is the production of fusion cast alumina-zirconia refractories, which exhibit special resistance to corrosion in contact with molten glass and are used in its production. 43,44 However, the general approach to casting in ceramics is the production of green powder compacts that are subsequently thermally processed (i.e., fired) to produce dense parts with desired density, grain structure, and concomitant properties. The most venerated of these techniques is slip casting, which is widely used in the production of both artistic and engineering components.…”