Microstructural and mechanical influences on dynamic strain aging phenomena

Robinson, John; Shaw, Matthew

doi:10.1179/095066094790326149

Cited by 73 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Since this early description, the mechanism of the PLC effect has been studied extensively [1]. Copious theoretical work has been reported in the literature including a variety of new simulations and insights into the nature of nucleation and motion of the deformation bands [2].…”

Section: Plc Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has long been proposed that this sensitivity originates from the high carbon content of the steels [60]. Carbon steels allow the easy permeation of hydrogen, which may interact with foreign atoms such as carbon and nitrogen existing in the metal and promote the interaction of all solutes with dislocations [2,61]. A common explanation of the PLC effect for carbon steels is based on reaching a critical strain required to produce a sufficient number of vacancies, that permit carbon diffusion to the dislocation cores, as discussed in depth by Chen et al and others [62][63][64].…”

Section: Plc Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It decreases the ductility of metals with a corresponding decrease in elongation, the effective gauge cross-sectional area, the strain rate sensitivity coefficient and fracture toughness. Alloys under load become susceptible to unprecedented service failures because of the increased embrittlement and reduced fracture toughness resulting from the PLC effect [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Portevin–Le Chatelier effect: a review of experimental findings

Yılmaz¹

2011

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

241

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The Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect manifests itself as an unstable plastic flow during tensile tests of some dilute alloys under certain regimes of strain rate and temperature. The plastic strain becomes localized in the form of bands which move along a specimen gauge in various ways as the PLC effect occurs. Because the localization of strain causes degradation of the inherent structural properties and surface quality of materials, understanding the effect is crucial for the effective use of alloys. The characteristic behaviors of localized strain bands and techniques commonly used to study the PLC effect are summarized in this review. A brief overview of experimental findings, the effect of material properties and test parameters on the PLC effect, and some discussion on the mechanisms of the effect are included. Tests for predicting the early failure of structural materials due to embrittlement induced by the PLC effect are also discussed.

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Section: Plc Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plc Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Portevin–Le Chatelier effect: a review of experimental findings

Yılmaz¹

2011

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

241

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“…[42][43][44][45][46] In tests conducted at or near room temperature, the dynamic strain aging caused by interstitial carbon and nitrogen will create an effect of sufficient magnitude to actually cause a domain of negative strain rate sensitivity. This will be followed by a range of temperatures in which the strain rate sensitivity is abnormally high (associated with the stress peak at the higher strain rate).…”

Section: Strain Rate Sensitivity and Dynamic Strain Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static and Dynamic Strain Aging at High Temperatures in 304 Stainless Steel

Stewart

Jonas

2004

ISIJ International

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Commercial 304 austenitic stainless steel was deformed at high temperatures. The experiments involved 2-hit hot compression and multi-pass hot torsion testing; the experimental variables included strain rate, temperature and interpass time. The relationship between these variables and the degree of interpass softening produced unexpected results. Specifically, the normal effect of temperature on the static softening kinetics was reversed at intermediate interpass times: the fractional softening decreased with increasing temperature for these times. The diffusion kinetics and segregation mechanics of the substitutional impurities in the material, combined with the experimental results, suggest that the temporary non-equilibrium segregation of phosphorus (and/or sulphur) to dislocations is responsible for the observed behaviour. Additionally, the observed trend in strain rate sensitivity with increasing deformation temperature indicates that dynamic strain aging was taking place.KEY WORDS: recrystallization; non-equilibrium segregation; stainless steel; static strain aging; dynamic strain aging.rate to vacancy concentration. It has been observed that, under specific thermal and straining conditions, the nonequilibrium segregation of substitutional solutes will occur in steel. 7) This involves the segregation of solute atoms to features such as grain boundaries in concentrations well in excess of equilibrium values. The non-equilibrium segregation is temporary; back diffusion from areas of excess concentration to adjacent regions of solute depletion will return the solute distribution to its equilibrium state given sufficient time. 8) Materials and MethodsThe material used for virtually all the experiments in this work was a 304 austenitic stainless steel obtained from a single billet produced by Atlas Stainless Steel in Tracy, Quebec. In addition, a small amount of ultra-high purity 18Cr-12Ni-Fe 9,10) alloy was obtained and tested. The compositions of these steels are given in Table 1, along with the 304 specifications. Austenitic stainless steel has a low stacking fault energy, 11) in the range 21 mJ m Ϫ2 . Numerous studies of the recrystallization behaviour of such materials have been conducted over the past thirty years (especially involving torsion testing). [12][13][14] The stainless steel tested was obtained in the form of a billet 30-cmϫ15-cmϫ15-cm. The billets were sectioned parallel to the transverse direction and the sections sliced along the normal direction. After machining, the resulting cylindrical samples had their longitudinal axes parallel to the normal direction of the billet. The initial grain size was not a variable of interest in this work, but was essentially constant and in the range 80-100 mm. Torsion samples (Dϭ6.3 mm, Lϭ22 mm) were also machined from the same billet. These were machined such that the longitudinal axis of the samples were aligned along the rolling direction of the billet.Two-hit compression tests were performed primarily for the study of static softening. The tests were co...

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“…Such localization can have detrimental consequences on the production and utilization of industrial pieces, in particular, because of the formation of traces on the surface of the product and a reduced ductility. The microscopic mechanism of the PLC effect is understood rather well in terms of the dynamic strain aging (DSA) responsible for alternating pinning and release of mobile dislocations by atmospheres of solute atoms [3][4][5][6][7]. However, its macroscopic behavior is associated with complex patterns of stress serrations related to nucleation and motion of deformation bands in the deforming material and requires understanding of self-organization of dislocations [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peculiar Spatiotemporal Behavior of Unstable Plastic Flow in an AlMgMnScZr Alloy with Coarse and Ultrafine Grains

Lebyodkin

Lebedkina

Mogucheva

et al. 2017

Metals

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Abstract:The work addresses the effects of nanosize particles and grain refinement on the patterns of stress serrations and kinematics of deformation bands associated with the Portevin-Le Chatelier instability of plastic flow. Ultra-fine-grained microstructure was obtained using equal-channel angular pressing of the initial coarse-grained alloy. Tensile tests were carried out on flat specimens at strain rates in the range from 3 × 10 −5 to 1.4 × 10 −2 s −1 . Using local extensometry techniques, it was found that the presence of nanoscale precipitates promotes quasi-continuous propagation of deformation bands in the entire strain-rate range. The grain refinement leads to a transition to relay-race propagation at high strain rates and static strain localization at low rates. The results are discussed from the viewpoint of competition between various dynamical modes of plastic deformation associated with collective dynamics of dislocations.

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Microstructural and mechanical influences on dynamic strain aging phenomena

Cited by 73 publications

References 63 publications

The Portevin–Le Chatelier effect: a review of experimental findings

The Portevin–Le Chatelier effect: a review of experimental findings

Static and Dynamic Strain Aging at High Temperatures in 304 Stainless Steel

Peculiar Spatiotemporal Behavior of Unstable Plastic Flow in an AlMgMnScZr Alloy with Coarse and Ultrafine Grains

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