Microstructural Changes During Static Recrystallization of Austenitic Stainless Steel 304L: Cellular Automata Simulation

Abstract

Static recrystallization and microstructural changes in austenitic stainless steel 304L were studied. The rolling experiments at 200 °C were carried out, and then, annealing treatment was made at temperatures ranging between 500 and 830 °C. A model was also developed to simulate the kinetics of non-isothermal recrystallization within the rolled steel. The distribution of plastic strains during rolling was predicted utilizing an elastic-plastic finite element formulation performed in ABAQUS/ Explicit, while the predicted results were used to generate the as-rolled microstructure and to estimate the stored energy. Finally, microstructural-thermal model based on cellular automata was developed to evaluate the rate of static recrystallization within the rolled steel. The comparison between experimental and simulations showed a good consistency. The predictions illustrated that inhomogeneous distribution of plastic strain was produced during multi-pass rolling leading to different rates of recrystallization in the center and the surface regions of the rolled plate. The onset temperature of recrystallization was found about 700 °C, and the activation energies for nucleation and growth for recrystallization were determined as 180 kJ/ mol and 240 kJ/mol, respectively. It was found that homogenous nucleation mechanism can be operative in recrystallization of multi-pass rolled steel, i.e., for reduction of 40% or higher.

Role of Recovery and Recrystallization on the Post Cold Work Corrosion Performance in a Super Duplex Stainless Steel

“…The microstructural observations.-The extent of softening, in single-phase metallic material, can be estimated from different measures of microtexture. 53,54 The same can be extended to a twophase duplex stainless steel. 55 This was performed, though not presented for brevity, in this study.…”

“…55 This was performed, though not presented for brevity, in this study. Moreover, such indices of microtexture estimated softening appeared to scale with more conventional approach 53,55 of hardness changes. As shown in Fig.…”