Microstructural evolution and physical behavior of a lithium disilicate glass–ceramic

Lien, Wen; Roberts, Howard W.; Platt, Jeffrey A.; Vandewalle, Kraig S; Hill, Thomas J.; Chu, Tien Min G.

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2015.05.003

Cited by 142 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In the initial condition, such machineable, bluish blocks show moderate hardness and strength (around 130 MPa); consequently, they are easier to mill, reducing wear of the machining devices at the same time, with evident advantages during chairside procedures [12]. After milling, heat treatment (840–850° for 10 min) determines full crystallization of the material: lithium metasilicates tend to evolve to form lithium disilicates (70%) [13], increasing the flexure strength up to 262 ± 88 MPa [14] with a fracture toughness of 2.5 MPa·m 1/2 [15]. Compared to the e.max CAD, hot-pressed lithium disilicate exhibits better mechanical properties, like higher flexure strength (440 MPa) and fracture toughness (2.75 MPa·m 1/2 - IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) [16].…”

Section: Physical-mechanical Properties and Fabrication Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Digitally Oriented Materials”: Focus on Lithium Disilicate Ceramics

Zarone

Ferrari

Mangano³

et al. 2016

International Journal of Dentistry

123

106

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The present paper was aimed at reporting the state of the art about lithium disilicate ceramics. The physical, mechanical, and optical properties of this material were reviewed as well as the manufacturing processes, the results of in vitro and in vivo investigations related to survival and success rates over time, and hints for the clinical indications in the light of the latest literature data. Due to excellent optical properties, high mechanical resistance, restorative versatility, and different manufacturing techniques, lithium disilicate can be considered to date one of the most promising dental materials in Digital Dentistry.

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Section: Physical-mechanical Properties and Fabrication Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Digitally Oriented Materials”: Focus on Lithium Disilicate Ceramics

Zarone

Ferrari

Mangano³

et al. 2016

International Journal of Dentistry

123

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The intensities of the three highest peaks (23.8°, 24.4°, and 24.9°) represent the crystallographic planes of lithium silicate. The glazed HP ceramics, in which the 2θ scale ranges from 13° to 38°, shows a widely distributed "hump", which represents the amorphous phase (20).…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopic Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear characteristics of polished and glazed lithium disilicate ceramics opposed to three ceramic materials

et al. 2016

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This study compared the wear characteristics of a heat-pressed lithium disilicate ceramic material opposed to feldspathic porcelain, a lithium disilicate glass ceramic, and zirconia materials. Ceramic plate specimens were prepared from feldspathic porcelain (EX-3 nA1B), lithium disilicate glass ceramics (e.max CAD MO1/C14), and zirconia (Katana KT 10) and then ground or polished. Rounded rod specimens were fabricated from heatpressed lithium disilicate glass ceramic (e.max press LT A3) and then glazed or polished. A sliding wear testing apparatus was used for wear testing. Wear of glazed rods was greater than that of polished rods when they were abraded with ground zirconia, ground porcelain, polished porcelain, or polished lithium disilicate ceramics. For both glazed and polished rods, wear was greater when the rods were abraded with ground plates. The findings indicate that application of a polished surface rather than a glazed surface is recommended for single restorations made of heat-pressed lithium disilicate material. In addition, care must be taken when polishing opposing materials, especially those used in occlusal contact areas. (J Oral Sci 58, 117-123, 2016)

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“…In this context, lithium disilicate (Li 2 Si 2 O 5 ) glasses have been extensively used for investigating the crystallization kinetics and thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of the resulting glassceramics [5][6][7][8][9]. Lithium-disilicate-based glass-ceramics have commercial significance and have been widely used in dental restoration, armor material, hard disc substrates, and other high-tech applications owing to their good processability and mechanical performance [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization pathways and some properties of lithium disilicate oxynitride glasses

Singh

Rodrigues

Orsolini

et al. 2017

Ceramics International

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Lithium silicates have been used as model glasses for scientific and technological studies of glass-ceramics because they easily crystallize in the interiors, even without the addition of any nucleating agent. On the other hand, partial replacement of oxygens with nitrogens affects most properties of oxide glasses, but its effect on the crystallization kinetics of the glasses has been poorly documented. In this work, we report, for the first time, on the crystallization kinetics of nitrited lithium silicate glasses. The oxynitride glasses were prepared by partial substitution of oxygen by nitrogen, up to 6 at.% N/(N+O), by melt-quenching the liquid under N 2 atmosphere inside a glove box. As expected, the density, microhardness, and Young's modulus of the glasses improved with increasing nitrogen content. Higher values of glass transition and crystallization peak temperatures were also obtained with an increase in the nitrogen content. Rietveld refinement analysis after adequate thermal treatment revealed that addition of nitrogen led to increasingly higher contents of lithium metasilicate at the expense of the (expected) lithium disilicate crystal phase. Crystallization kinetic parameters such as the activation energy and 2 Avrami index were calculated using Ozawa's equations. These two parameters also increased with increasing nitrogen content, whereas the crystal growth rates decreased with increasing nitrogen content. The above-described changes in the properties of the oxynitride glasses are straightforwardly explained by the increase in the connectivity of the glass network, which results in enhancement of the atomic packing density owing to partial substitution of twocoordinated oxygens by three-coordinated nitrogens.

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Microstructural evolution and physical behavior of a lithium disilicate glass–ceramic

Cited by 142 publications

References 54 publications

“Digitally Oriented Materials”: Focus on Lithium Disilicate Ceramics

“Digitally Oriented Materials”: Focus on Lithium Disilicate Ceramics

Wear characteristics of polished and glazed lithium disilicate ceramics opposed to three ceramic materials

Crystallization pathways and some properties of lithium disilicate oxynitride glasses

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