Microstructural evolution during solidification of austenitic stainless steel weld metals: A color metallographic and electron microprobe analysis study

Rajasekhar, K.; Harendranath, C.S.; Raman, R.; Kulkarni, S.D.

doi:10.1016/s1044-5803(97)80024-1

Cited by 133 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] However, the solidification behavior of austenitic stainless steels is complicated because of the occurrence of a variety of ferrite morphologies during the solidification and subsequent solid-state transformation. Interpretation of the formation mechanism of the different ferrite morphologies is difficult due to the nonequilibrium solidification conditions and the subsequent solid-state transformation on cooling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of two-phase coupled microstructure in AISI 304 stainless steel during directional solidification

Yang

Guo

et al. 2009

J. Mater. Res.

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Formation and evolution details of a two-phase coupled microstructure in AISI 304 stainless steel are studied by quenching method during directional solidification. Results show that the coupled growth microstructure, which is composed of thin lathlike ferrite (d) and austenite (g), crystallizes first in the form of colony from the melt. As solidification develops, the retained liquid transforms into austenite gradually. On cooling, solid-state transformation from ferrite to austenite results in the disappearance of part thinner ferrites and the final two-phase coupled microstructure is formed after the solid-state transformation. The formation mechanism of the two-phase coupled microstructure is analyzed based on the nucleation and constitutional undercooling criterion (NCU) before steady-state growth of each phase is reached.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of two-phase coupled microstructure in AISI 304 stainless steel during directional solidification

Yang

Guo

et al. 2009

J. Mater. Res.

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“…According to the austenitizing strength of the other elements [4], we can get nickel equivalent base on Schaeffler formula [5] or Delong formula [6]. Chromium is ferrite former element, it will reduce the austenite phase region [7][8][9], similarly, we also can get Chromium equivalent base on Delong formula. Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on influence factors of laser welding crack sensitivity of austenite stainless steel

Zhu¹,

Qin²,

Zhang³

2018

Proceedings of the International Symposium on Mechanical Engineering and Material Science (ISMEMS 2017)

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“…After the samples were cooled down to room temperature, they were prepared by conventional process for metallographic observation. The etchant solution contains 0.5 g K 2 S 2 O 5 , 20.0 g NH 4 FHF, and 100 ml distilled water (Beraha's etchant modified by Lichtenegger [16]), whose pH value was maintained at about 2.5 by addition of NH 4 OH or HNO 3 . Electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) (JEOL JXA-8230, Japan) was employed to characterize the variation of chemical composition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2. Beraha's etchant makes Crrich areas show light color contrast and Cr-depleted areas darker (blue or green) color contrast [16]. In other words, ferrite remains unaffected showing as whiteness, while austenite exhibits a range of colors depending on its Cr concentration.…”

Section: As-cast Microstructure Of Mold Casting Ingotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found that peritectic reaction and eutectic reaction coexisted in the microstructure of the sample cooled at 25°C s -1 . In addition, many other researchers [15][16][17] investigated the solidification microstructure of various austenitic stainless steels by sorts of welding methods which have much higher cooling rate than casting and directional solidification. However, the three-phase reaction mechanism is still unclear and it was not directly observed in the abovementioned literatures owing to the limitations of test method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructural evolution in 316LN austenitic stainless steel during solidification process under different cooling rates

Zhang

et al. 2015

J Mater Sci

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The solidification sequence and microstructure evolution during solidification process of two 316LN stainless steels with different compositions under different cooling rates were in situ observed with confocal scanning laser microscope. The results show that 316LN solidifies with primary austenite or primary d ferrite when the cooling rate is small in the range of conventional casting process, depending on the value of Cr eq /Ni eq which are calculated by Hammar and Svensson equations. As the cooling rate increases in the range of 0-100°C s -1 , the solidification sequences do not change, but both the dendrite arm spacing and the mean free path between d ferrite decrease. In addition, concomitant with the variations of chemical composition in d ferrite and austenite are the shape transformation of interdendritic d ferrite from islandlike to lacy-like and the coarsening of dendrite d ferrite with cooling rate increasing. The mechanism of threephase reaction in 316LN with different compositions, i.e., eutectic reaction or peritectic reaction, was analyzed. The bigger diffusivities of Cr and Ni in primary d ferrite than that in primary austenite and the positions of alloys in phase diagram were thought to be the main reasons for the difference in type of the reaction.

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Microstructural evolution during solidification of austenitic stainless steel weld metals: A color metallographic and electron microprobe analysis study

Cited by 133 publications

References 7 publications

Formation of two-phase coupled microstructure in AISI 304 stainless steel during directional solidification

Formation of two-phase coupled microstructure in AISI 304 stainless steel during directional solidification

Study on influence factors of laser welding crack sensitivity of austenite stainless steel

Microstructural evolution in 316LN austenitic stainless steel during solidification process under different cooling rates

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